Client behavior in counseling and therapy sessions: Development of a pantheoretical measure.

Abstract

To understand the interaction between counselors and clients, researchers need measures of client behavior. A measure of client behavior can aid in describing and evaluating client behavior, ascertaining the ways in which clients respond to counselor interventions, and assessing the ways in which clients change over the course of treatment.In considering the importance of client behavior in counseling and therapy, it is puzzling that a single measure or even a single type of measure has not emerged as the standard in the field. In measuring counselor behavior, in contrast, response modes have been widely accepted as a standard type of measure, with several different versions created by different researchers (cf. Elliott et al., 1987). In contrast, several different types of measures of client behavior, most of which were developed from single theoretical perspectives (e.g., client experiencing: Klein,

In‐session behaviours and adolescents' self‐concept and loneliness: A psychodrama process–outcome study

“…Documenting and assessing client behaviours in sessions are essential for understanding how clients respond to therapist interventions, how clients change over the course of treatment, and how this change relates to differences in therapeutic outcomes (Hill, ). Using a pan‐theoretical approach, Hill and colleagues developed the Client Behavior System that comprises eight nominal, mutually exclusive behavioural categories theorized to cover all client responses in therapy: four productive behaviours and four less productive behaviours (Hill et al, ). The productive behaviours include cognitive–behavioural exploration, emotional exploration, insight, and change in therapeutically significant areas.…”

Responsive Persistence Part I: Therapist Influence in Postmodern Practice

“…The study conducted by Hill et al. () shows that the presence of client resistance or reluctance to consider or accept therapists' proposals does not necessarily indicate negative outcomes or poor therapist practices. In this study, clients rated as most helpful therapist behaviors that they initially strongly resisted.…”

Comparative Analysis of A Client's Verbal Responses in Counseling Sessions: Quantitative Case Study

“…This problem with Hill's system (1986) utilized in the current study have been pointed out in previous research (Hill, Corbett, Kanitz, Rios, Lightsey, & Gomez, 1992;Lee & Nomura, 2006). Although a revised version of the system, i.e., the Client Behavior System (Hill, et al, 1992), was developed to refiect more various aspects of client verbal behaviors, it displayed low inter-judge agreement (kappas = .48 to .54 ) due to the difficulty of differentiating between categories. Other systems of client verbal behavior have been utilized in previous studies.…”