Clearing enhances dust devil formation

Lyons, Thomas; Nair, U. S.; Foster, Ian

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.05.009

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Rather than using a fixed annual occurrence time, they instead determined when and where dust devils should (or should not) occur based on the following constraints: locations with high convective buoyancy and low frictional dissipation, using a criterion suggested by Lyons et al (2008) and a high lapse rate criterion as suggested by Ryan (1972), Oke et al (2007b), and Ansmann et al (2009) (see Section 3.1 for more details). Jemmett- applied their criteria truly globally using high-resolution ECMWF operational analyses (see Section 3.1).…”

Section: Scaling Dust Fluxes Based On Field Measurements Of Individuamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Devil Sediment Transport: From Lab to Field to Global Impact

et al. 2016

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The impact of dust aerosols on the climate and environment of Earth and Mars is complex and forms a major area of research. A difficulty arises in estimating the contribution of small-scale dust devils to the total dust aerosol. This difficulty is due to uncertainties in the amount of dust lifted by individual dust devils, the frequency of dust devil occurrence, and the lack of statistical generality of individual experiments and observations. In this paper, we review results of observational, laboratory, and modeling studies and provide an overview of dust devil dust transport on various spatio-temporal scales as obtained with the different research approaches. Methods used for the investigation of dust devils on Earth and Mars vary. For example, while the use of imagery for the investigation of dust devil occurrence frequency is common practice for Mars, this is less so the case for Earth. Modeling approaches for Earth and Mars are similar in that they are based on the same underlying

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Section: Scaling Dust Fluxes Based On Field Measurements Of Individuamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust Devil Sediment Transport: From Lab to Field to Global Impact

et al. 2016

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“…this model does not realistically represent the natural lower boundary and its possible effect on dust-devil activity (about this effect e.g. see Lyons et al 2008).…”

Section: Dust Devil Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Micrometeorological Conditions for Dust-Devil Occurrence in the Atacama Desert

Kurgansky

Montecinos

Villagran

et al. 2010

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

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We report on field observations in January 2009 (austral summer) of atmospheric dust devils in the northern part of the Atacama Desert in South America (≈20 • S). An extremely high level of dust-devil activity over the study site has been observed, dependent on local meteorological conditions. We found a high correlation between the dust-devil frequency of occurrence and the Obukhov length scale, L, calculated from meteorological gradient measurements, with a clear tendency for this frequency to increase with decreasing −L. The upper threshold values of −L ≈ 20-30 m, and the 2-m mean wind speed, V 2 ≈ 8 m s −1 , for dust-devil occurrence have been found, but the minimal V 2 threshold was not observed. Parallel routine meteorological measurements enabled us to calculate the main constituents of the surface energy balance, to obtain direct estimates of the surface albedo (α ≈ 0.21 at the solar noon) and to summarize the local conditions.

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“…Dust devils are typically observed between 10:00 and 17:30 local time (LT) [ Balme and Greeley , ], during clear to fair weather conditions [ Sinclair , ] and under relatively weak ambient winds [ Oke et al ., ]. Several observational studies show that dust devil and dusty plume (DDP) occurrence significantly depends on the local meteorology, defined using thresholds of near‐surface temperature lapse rate [ Ryan , ; Oke et al ., ; Ansmann et al ., ] and boundary layer scaling parameters [ Deardorff , ; Hess and Spillane , ; Lyons et al ., ; Kurgansky et al ., ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lyons et al [] suggest two key factors that govern the formation and development of dry convective vortices: the availability of convective buoyancy and the frictional dissipation, quantified using w * and u * , respectively. The significance of w * as a scaling parameter for convective boundary layers was first defined by Deardorff [] as

w_{*} = {[\frac{g}{\overset{T}{true}} h {((), \overset{true¯}{ω T})}_{0}]}^{\frac{1}{3}}

where

g true/ \overset{T}{true}

is the buoyancy parameter for an ideal gas, h is the boundary layer height (of the convective region), and

{(\overset{ω T}{true})}_{0}

is the kinematic heat flux near the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying global dust devil occurrence from meteorological analyses

Jemmett-Smith

Marsham

Knippertz

et al. 2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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Dust devils and nonrotating dusty plumes are effective uplift mechanisms for fine particles, but their contribution to the global dust budget is uncertain. By applying known bulk thermodynamic criteria to European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) operational analyses, we provide the first global hourly climatology of potential dust devil and dusty plume (PDDP) occurrence. In agreement with observations, activity is highest from late morning into the afternoon. Combining PDDP frequencies with dust source maps and typical emission values gives the best estimate of global contributions of 3.4% (uncertainty 0.9–31%), 1 order of magnitude lower than the only estimate previously published. Total global hours of dust uplift by dry convection are ∼0.002% of the dust-lifting winds resolved by ECMWF, consistent with dry convection making a small contribution to global uplift. Reducing uncertainty requires better knowledge of factors controlling PDDP occurrence, source regions, and dust fluxes induced by dry convection. Key Points Global potential dust devil occurrence quantified from meteorological analyses Climatology shows realistic diurnal cycle and geographical distribution Best estimate of global contribution of 3.4% is 10 times smaller than the previous estimate

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Clearing enhances dust devil formation

Cited by 22 publications

References 32 publications

Dust Devil Sediment Transport: From Lab to Field to Global Impact

Dust Devil Sediment Transport: From Lab to Field to Global Impact

Micrometeorological Conditions for Dust-Devil Occurrence in the Atacama Desert

Quantifying global dust devil occurrence from meteorological analyses

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