Clearance rates of xenon-133 in non-inflamed and inflamed gingiva of dogs

Hock, Janet M.; Nuki, Klaus; Schlenker, R.A.; Hawks, A.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(80)90050-3

Cited by 47 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These have included vital microscopy, 1 infusion of labeled and unlabeled microspheres, 2,3 electrical impedance plethysmography, 4 high-speed cinematography, 5 thermal clearance, 6 and radioisotope clearance. 7 Although important, all of these methods are flawed, in that they alter the normal physiology of the system and are indirect measures of blood flow; also, due to their invasive or toxic nature, they preclude the use of humans as experimental subjects. Baab et al, 8,9 Baab and Oberg, 10,11 and Childress et al 12 have employed laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) as a method of studying gingival microvascular dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcirculation and micromorphology of healthy and inflamed gingivae

et al. 2003

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Inflammation changes the microcirculatory and micromorphological dynamics of human gingiva. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and a replica technique for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the facial soft tissues of six maxillary anterior teeth, before and after treatment, in 12 patients exhibiting clinically healthy tissues and in 12 others with moderate gingivitis. All patients received oral hygiene instructions and scaling. The gingiva in the gingivitis group became healthy within 3 months after treatment. LDF results were recorded at the free gingivae, interdental gingivae, attached gingivae, and alveolar mucosae of the six maxillary anterior teeth. The gingival blood flows in the gingivitis group before treatment were significantly different from those in the healthy gingiva group. Flows were restored to the same level as the healthy gingiva, with no significant difference, at P > 0.01, 3 months after treatment. However, there were significant differences among sites during the same period. In addition, blood flow was reduced to a normal level after the inflammation subsided. Initially, the gingival morphology of the inflamed sites exhibited irregular free gingival margins, in contrast to that of healthy gingivae, which were characterized by rounded margins closely adapted to the tooth. One month post-treatment, the gingivae exhibited a wrinkled appearance, but they had reverted to normal micromorphology by 3 months post-treatment. The replica impression technique can be used to record gingival micromorphology both before and after reduction of inflammation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcirculation and micromorphology of healthy and inflamed gingivae

et al. 2003

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“…Microsphere infusion permitted flow measurements on one occasion and cannot be used in humans [9]. Radioisotope clearance methods were similarly limited and also suffer from difficulties of data analysis [10]. Impedance plethysmography was applicable in human studies, but requires electrodes to touch the tissue being monitored [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in gingival blood flow during orthodontic treatment

et al. 2010

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AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the changes in gingival blood flow due to orthodontic forces. Eleven volunteers, with the maxillary canine in an ectopic position were tested. A Laser Doppler Flowmeter (LDF) with a gingival probe was used, registering both the blood flow and temperature of the gingivae. After baseline measurement, a fixed orthodontic appliance was bonded. Measurements were repeated monthly, after activation of the appliance. The study lasted 6 months. The baseline value was 338.7 ± 201.56 P.U. [Perfusion Unit (mean ± S.D.)] which decreased to 218.9 ± 74.83 P.U. (p < 0.05) after two months and the final value of 363.9 ± 194.86 P.U was not significantly different from that initially (p > 0.5). The results showed that application of a force of 75 g resulted in a decrease in gingival blood flow up to 50%, but this returned to previous values after a few months. The study supports this measurement technique as a useful tool for monitoring gingival blood flow in long-term studies as well.

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“…3,5,11,13 Studies of the gingival microcirculation have been problematic over the years because several of the methods commonly employed in other regions of the mouth/gingiva are invasive or involve the use of radioactive materials, thus leaving the results open to question. [15][16][17] Vascular studies have previously employed noninvasive methods to study the gingival microcirculation in humans. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) techniques have been used by Baab and Oberg 18 and Baab et al 19,20 to study the gingival microcirculation in normal humans, in an animal model of gingival disease, and in humans with a history of periodontitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood flow and human periodontal status

et al. 2002

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the microcirculation in subjects with moderate gingivitis, periodontitis, and healthy gingiva. Sixty adult volunteers with clinically healthy gingiva, moderate gingivitis, and periodontitis (20 subjects each) participated in this study. The ages of the research samples ranged from 20 to 35 years. Gingival health was evaluated by using the qualitative plaque index, gingival index, gingival bleeding index, tooth mobility, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) on six maxillary anterior teeth. LDF data were recorded at the facial aspect of free gingivae, interdental gingivae, attached gingivae, and alveolar mucosae on six maxillary anterior teeth, utilizing an acrylic stent to stabilize the probe. This technique was then modified to circumvent contamination by saliva and gingival exudate. When results were compared at similar sites in each patient within a trial group, there were significant differences in blood flow measurements at all the sites examined between moderate gingivitis and periodontitis when compared with measurements in healthy human gingiva. However, blood flow measurements within the same group showed significant differences at every site, at P< 0.01.

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Clearance rates of xenon-133 in non-inflamed and inflamed gingiva of dogs

Cited by 47 publications

References 14 publications

Microcirculation and micromorphology of healthy and inflamed gingivae

Microcirculation and micromorphology of healthy and inflamed gingivae

Changes in gingival blood flow during orthodontic treatment

Blood flow and human periodontal status

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