Clear as mud: A meta-analysis on the effects of sedimentation on freshwater fish and the effectiveness of sediment-control measures

Chapman, Jacqueline M.; Proulx, Catherine L.; Veilleux, Maxime; Levert, Caroline; Bliss, Shireen; André, Marie-Ève; Lapointe, Nicolas W. R.; Cooke, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.02.047

Cited by 91 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Additionally, measures of substrate size composition in their study were not related to oxygen content within redds, and were weakly associated to seepage velocities. Normally, increased proportion of fines relative to coarser sediments leads to decreased intragravel flow velocities thus hindering oxygen delivery to the eggs and preventing the removal of metabolic wastes (Chapman et al, 2014). However, it is suggested that embryonic survival is dependent on the impact of fines on the supply and delivery of oxygen to the developing eggs (Greig et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Brook Trout (Salvelinus frontinalis) Egg Survival and Development in Streams Influenced by Agriculture

Alberto¹,

Courtenay²,

Hilaire³

et al. 2017

FisheriesSciences.com

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Abstract:Increased sedimentation in surface waters due to anthropogenic activities can lead to the deterioration of salmonid spawning habitat through infiltration of excessive fine sediment into redds. This study assessed the effects of sediment on salmonid reproductive habitat on Prince Edward Island, Canada by evaluating egg survival and fry length using brook trout egg in situ incubations. In-stream egg incubators were buried in the substrate of streams in three watersheds with between 10 and 69% agricultural land-use during 2012-2013 and 2013-2014. Accumulated incubator sediment load and associated particle size, incubator organic matter and stream parameters temperature, velocity, bed sediment and particle size were measured over the period of study. There was no significant difference in embryo survival among watersheds. Survival was not related to fine sediment; instead, it increased with higher average temperature that was in turn associated with the presence of groundwater upwelling in the stream. The size of the fry was also not significantly different between watersheds with varying agricultural activity. Fry length was most strongly related to sediment organic matter content. Brook trout are widespread in PEI rivers, including in many rivers that have high sediment loads due to intensive agricultural land use. This species may avoid the adverse effect of fine sediment through their natural adaptation of using groundwater upwelling for spawning. Sedimentation is of particular concern on PEI because of its potential to impact spawning habitat for native salmonids, namely brook trout and Atlantic salmon (Merz et al., 2004;Curry and MacNeill, 2004). While brook trout remain widespread on PEI, Atlantic salmon is only present in about one third of its former rivers (Cairns and MacFarlane, 2015) and its decline has been attributed to a variety of factors, including excessive sedimentation (Guignion et al., 2010). In contrast to the situation on PEI, there is evidence of the decline of brook trout in other parts of the world that has been attributed to landscape alteration (Stranko et al., 2008). Thus, the study of the impacts of sedimentation on brook trout spawning can provide some insight into the persistence of this species on PEI despite the seemingly adverse conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of deposited sediment on brook trout survivorship and fry length on PEI. This study tested the hypothesis that sediment is a limiting factor in salmonid egg survival to hatching and emergence. Survival was assessed by placing in-stream egg incubators in three watersheds with varying degrees of agricultural land-use during two separate spawning seasons. Eggs were monitored for hatching and swimup over the early spring months and the relationship between survival and fine sediment accumulated within the incubators was assessed. Keywords Materials and Methods Study sitesThree rivers on PEI with varying degrees of agricultural landuse within the watershed were selected for the study: Whe...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Influencing Brook Trout (Salvelinus frontinalis) Egg Survival and Development in Streams Influenced by Agriculture

Alberto¹,

Courtenay²,

Hilaire³

et al. 2017

FisheriesSciences.com

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“…Species-specific effects of exposures to suspended solids were highlighted in numerous studies investigating the anthropogenic introduction of particulate matter (e.g., arising from erosion, dredging; reviewed in [90,91]). Suspended particles or fine sediments can reduce feeding rates, decrease reaction distance to prey, influence embryo development, increase mortality, reduce primary production, reduce species diversity, and decrease population size [90][91][92][93][94]. Bilotta and Brazier [90] conclude that the magnitude of adverse effects depends on concentration, exposure duration, chemical composition, and particle size distribution.…”

Section: Natural Vs Synthetic Particle Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bilotta and Brazier [90] conclude that the magnitude of adverse effects depends on concentration, exposure duration, chemical composition, and particle size distribution. Tolerant species suffered moderately negative effects, while strong effects mainly occurred in intolerant species (see a review on fish in [91]). …”

Section: Natural Vs Synthetic Particle Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Microplastics with Freshwater Biota

Scherer

Weber

Lambert

et al. 2017

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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The ubiquitous detection of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems promotes the concern for adverse impacts on freshwater ecosystems. The wide variety of material types, sizes, shapes, and physicochemical properties renders interactions with biota via multiple pathways probable.So far, our knowledge about the uptake and biological effects of microplastics comes from laboratory studies, applying simplified exposure regimes (e.g., one polymer and size, spherical shape, high concentrations) often with limited environmental relevance. However, the available data illustrates species-and materialrelated interactions and highlights that microplastics represent a multifaceted stressor. Particle-related toxicities will be driven by polymer type, size, and shape. Chemical toxicity is driven by the adsorption-desorption kinetics of additives and pollutants. In addition, microbial colonization, the formation of heteroaggregates, and the evolutionary adaptations of the biological receptor further increase the complexity of microplastics as stressors. Therefore, the aim of this chapter is to synthesize and critically revisit these aspects based on the state of the science in freshwater research. Where unavailable we supplement this with data on marine biota. This provides an insight into the direction of future research.In this regard, the challenge is to understand the complex interactions of biota and plastic materials and to identify the toxicologically most relevant characteristics of the plethora of microplastics. Importantly, as the direct biological impacts of This chapter has been externally peer reviewed.

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“…Freshwater environments, the sources of our drinking water, are some of the most threatened ecosystems in the world [1][2][3][4]. Ground and surface waters are exposed to increasing and unprecedented threats from anthropogenic stressors that degrade water quality, reduce water availability when it is needed the most (i.e., drought), increase water abundance when it is needed the least (i.e., flooding), destroy habitat, and harm the aquatic life [3,[5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring, Restoration, and Source Water Protection: Canadian Community-Based Environmental Organizations’ Efforts towards Improving Aquatic Ecosystem Health

Garda

Castleden

Conrad

2017

Water

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Abstract:In Canada, environmental monitoring has been the responsibility of government for decades; however, funding cutbacks have left many agencies unable to provide comprehensive coverage. This has stimulated a rise in community-based water monitoring (CBWM) organizations. These organizations, operating at multiple scales, have tasked themselves with monitoring aquatic ecosystems. Additionally, they often engage in restoration projects stemming from their monitoring work. Despite the growing abundance of CBWM organizations, there is uncertainty as to whether their activities lead to aquatic ecosystem benefits. A thematic analysis of photographic and qualitative interview data was employed to examine restoration projects conducted by five CBWM organizations, and the projects' potential impact on source waters. Findings show that while they are conducting activities that show physical change, which is indicative of ecosystem improvement, examples of measurable responses within aquatic ecosystems remain rare. Monitoring, restoration, and source water protection processes are challenged by a lack of funding, capacity, and monitoring procedures. Funding, particularly, restricted the extent to which monitoring could be conducted and influenced project scope and scale. This leads to a lack of capacity to conduct large-scale restoration and rigorous scientific monitoring. Consequently, our findings highlight the issues with detecting effects of small-scale projects at the watershed scale.

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Clear as mud: A meta-analysis on the effects of sedimentation on freshwater fish and the effectiveness of sediment-control measures

Cited by 91 publications

References 82 publications

Factors Influencing Brook Trout (Salvelinus frontinalis) Egg Survival and Development in Streams Influenced by Agriculture

Factors Influencing Brook Trout (Salvelinus frontinalis) Egg Survival and Development in Streams Influenced by Agriculture

Interactions of Microplastics with Freshwater Biota

Monitoring, Restoration, and Source Water Protection: Canadian Community-Based Environmental Organizations’ Efforts towards Improving Aquatic Ecosystem Health

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