2013
DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.01.035
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Cleaner production: levulinic acid from rice husks

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Cited by 89 publications
(47 citation statements)
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“…Bevilaqua et al investigated the production of LA from rice husk using HCl as acid catalyst (Experiment 57, Table 4) [105]. Rice husk is a very abundant agricultural crop residue and approximately one ton of rice husk is left over for each four tons of rice produced.…”
Section: Homogeneous Mineral Acids and Salts In Watermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Bevilaqua et al investigated the production of LA from rice husk using HCl as acid catalyst (Experiment 57, Table 4) [105]. Rice husk is a very abundant agricultural crop residue and approximately one ton of rice husk is left over for each four tons of rice produced.…”
Section: Homogeneous Mineral Acids and Salts In Watermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to a previous report [1], the glucose and fructose content of KWR was determined as 16.41 mg/g and 34.39 mg/g, respectively. The extraction process was carried out in a round-bottom flask containing 100 g KWR with 200 mL distilled water, equipped with a stirrer.…”
Section: Glucose and Fructose Extraction From Kwrmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…All samples were filtered through a 0.45 μm membrane syringe filter before HPLC analysis and started using a previously reported method [1]. The concentrations of glucose and fructose were obtained by a HPLC (LC-15C, Shimadzu, Suzhou, China) equipped with a C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) at 303K and a refractive index detector (RID-10A, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan).…”
Section: Product Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…of RH require a suitable destination. Apart from being rich in carbohydrates (37.1 % cellulose, 19.5 % hemicellulose, and 17.6 % lignin) [4], the RH can be readily converted into input chemical [5][6][7].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%