Clean fuels for resource-poor settings: A systematic review of barriers and enablers to adoption and sustained use

Puzzolo, Elisa; Pope, Daniel; Stanistreet, Debbi; Rehfuess, Eva; Bruce, Nigel

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.002

Cited by 254 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In both the 2008 and 2015-2017 periods (summary statistics of both samples are available in Table A.1), associations between independent variables and the primary use of clean cooking fuels were in line with findings from past research (e.g., Lewis & Pattanayak, 2012; Puzzolo et al, 2016). Poverty, rurality, and indigeneity were all negatively associated with the reported use of clean cooking fuels, while wealth, the presence of children in the household, and the presence of a female in the household were positively associated with the use of a clean cooking fuel (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

“…In addition, participants described the benefits and limitations of each of their stoves. Fuel cost (Beltramo, Blalock, Levine, & Simons, 2015; Puzzolo, Pope, Stanistreet, Rehfuess, & Bruce, 2016), fuel availability (Lewis & Pattanayak, 2012; Puzzolo et al, 2016), heating demand (Aggarwal & Chandel, 2004; Granderson, Sandhu, Vasquez, Ramirez, & Smith, 2009; Hollada et al, 2017; Simon, Bailis, Baumgartner, Hyman, & Laurent, 2014), and fuel and stove compatibility with local cooking customs (Baumgartner et al, 2011; Terrado, Eitel, McCracken, & Charron, 2005) were studied as barriers to exclusive clean fuel use in household surveys. The survey was pilot tested and refined by the authors and the field team prior to implementation in order to improve clarity and respond to themes that emerged.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Government policy, clean fuel access, and persistent fuel stacking in Ecuador

Gould

Schlesinger²,

Toasa

et al. 2018

Energy for Sustainable Development

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After more than three decades of access to low-cost liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) financed by large direct government subsidies, more than 90% of Ecuadorian households cook primarily with LPG. Due to the large fiscal burden of the LPG subsidy, increases in electricity from hydropower, and other sociopolitical factors, the Government of Ecuador launched a major induction stove program (PEC) to reduce the demand for LPG. We assess the effects of the LPG subsidies and PEC using government records, interviews, academic literature, newspaper reports, household surveys, and focus groups. Household surveys, conducted in rural, northern Ecuadorian households (n=383), characterized cooking patterns and fuel access. Focus groups (n=6) were carried out with a subset of surveyed households to better characterize survey findings. The LPG subsidy was developed as part of broad social support reforms in the early 1970s, without specific aims to reduce the health impacts of household air pollution from woodfuel or provide economic benefits as part of the transition to a clean cooking fuel. Nonetheless, the subsidy has resulted in nearly all Ecuadorian households cooking primarily with LPG. PEC has generated the sale of 740,000 induction stoves since its inception in 2014, short of the goal of 3.5 million. Among the rural households surveyed, LPG use, acceptance, and satisfaction was high, however, more than three-quarters of those surveyed reported weekly woodfuel use. Induction stove ownership (17%) and use as a primary cooking fuel (1%) was low among the rural households surveyed; furthermore, households owning induction stoves reported very low satisfaction with the stoves. Here we show that nationally-representative surveys reporting only “primary cooking fuef” use may underestimate solid fuel use as a supplemental household cooking energy, particularly in rural areas where fuel availability issues play a stronger role in decisions about what fuels to use.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Government policy, clean fuel access, and persistent fuel stacking in Ecuador

Gould

Schlesinger²,

Toasa

et al. 2018

Energy for Sustainable Development

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“…Barriers to exclusive adoption of clean fuel technologies have been well-documented in the literature (Puzzolo, 2016). Cost is perhaps the most widely recognized barrier to achieving exclusive adoption of LPG, and subsidies are a commonly used strategy for improving adoption of clean fuels worldwide (Goodwin, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The survey included questions about household and participant sociodemographics, stove and fuel use, and experiences with the program. Questions related to barriers and facilitators to adoption of clean fuels were developed based on prior research (Puzzolo, 2016; Hollada, 2017), as well as consultation with key informants. We obtained oral informed consent and surveyed one member of each household 18 years of age or older capable of providing informed consent and answering the survey questions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation of the Fondo de Inclusión Social Energético program to promote access to liquefied petroleum gas in Peru

Pollard

Williams

O'Brien

et al. 2018

Energy for Sustainable Development

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Introduction: Over 80% of rural households in Peru use solid fuels as their primary source of domestic energy, which contributes to several health problems. In 2016, 6.7 million Peruvians were living in rural areas. The Fondo de Inclusión Social Energético (FISE) LPG Promotion Program, which began in 2012 and is housed under the Ministry of Energy and Mining, is a government-sponsored initiative aimed at reducing use of solid fuels by increasing access to clean fuel for cooking to poor Peruvian households. Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study incorporating data from publicly available records and reports, a community survey of 375 households in Puno (the province with the largest number of FISE beneficiary households), and in-depth interviews with community members and key stakeholders. We used the Reach, Effectiveness – Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to guide our data collection and analysis efforts. In a sample of 95 households, we also measured 48-hour area concentrations and personal exposures to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Results: The FISE LPG promotion program has achieved high geographical reach; the program is currently serving households in 100% of districts in Peru. Households with access to electricity may be participating at a higher level than households without electricity because the program is implemented primarily by electricity distributors. In a sample of 95 households, FISE beneficiaries experienced a reduction in kitchen concentrations of PM2.5; however, there were no differences in personal exposures, and both kitchen and personal exposures were above the WHO intermediate target for indoor air quality. Among the 375 households surveyed, stove stacking with biomass fuels was reported in more than 95% of both beneficiary and non-beneficiary households, with fewer than 5% reporting exclusive use. In-depth interviews suggest that the complexity of enrollment process and access to LPG distribution points may be key barriers to participating in FISE. Conclusion: The FISE LPG Program has achieved high reach and its targeted subsidy and surcharge-based financing structure represent a potentially feasible and sustainable model for other government programs. However, the prevalence of stove stacking among FISE beneficiaries remains high. There is a need for improved communication channels between program implementers and beneficiaries. FISE should also consider expanding the mobile LPG network and community delivery service to reduce physical barriers and indirect costs of LPG acquisition. Finally, increasing the value of LPG vouchers to completely cover one or two tanks a month, or alternatively, introducing behavior change strategies to reduce monthly LPG usage, may facilitate the transition to exclusive LPG use.

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“…21 Reliance on solid fuels and the inefficient, traditional open fires and stoves used by the majority of households in rural areas can impact health, development and environment in many ways. 22 The use of Improved biomass cookstoves 23 and the adoption of clean fuels including liquefied petroleum gas, biogas, solar cooking and alcohol fuels 24 will result in high fuel efficiency and low pollution emissions. Besides the aforementioned adverse health effects associated with wood use for cooking, other problems include a high risk of burns (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence trends of wood use as the main cooking fuel in Mexico, 1990-2013

2017

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Objective. To determine prevalence trends of using Wood as the Main Cooking Fuel (WMCF) ResumenObjetivo. Determinar las tendencias temporales de prevalencia del uso de leña utilizada para cocinar (ULPC) y características del hogar que lo predicen. Material y métodos. Los estimados se obtuvieron de los censos 1990, 2000 y 2010 y de la encuesta nacional de 2012-2013. Resultados. En el periodo 2012-2013, 9.5% de los 66 321 hogares y 10.9% de sus 252 011 residentes usaron LPC. La prevalencia fue mayor en áreas rurales (40.5%) que las urbanas (1.5%), p<0.0001. De 1990 a 2013 el ULPC disminuyó 53% en todo el país y 28.6% en áreas rurales. Contrariamente, el uso de gas incrementó 17.5 y 52.7% respectivamente. Los predictores del ULPC fueron el vivir en áreas rurales o suburbanas, y aquellos asociados al nivel socioeconómico bajo. Conclusión. El ULPC ha disminuido pero a ritmo lento en las áreas rurales de México. Mejorar las características del hogar y nivel socioeconómico pudiera disminuir el ULPC a mayor ritmo.

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Clean fuels for resource-poor settings: A systematic review of barriers and enablers to adoption and sustained use

Cited by 254 publications

References 33 publications

Government policy, clean fuel access, and persistent fuel stacking in Ecuador

Government policy, clean fuel access, and persistent fuel stacking in Ecuador

An evaluation of the Fondo de Inclusión Social Energético program to promote access to liquefied petroleum gas in Peru

Prevalence trends of wood use as the main cooking fuel in Mexico, 1990-2013

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