Clean cast steel technology. Determination of transformation diagrams for duplex stainless steel

Chumbley, Scott

doi:10.2172/850237

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…However, the disadvantage of austenite-ferrite mixture is the susceptibility to precipitation of secondary intermetallic phases when exposed to temperatures ranging from 350˚C to 900˚C [1] [2] [8]- [15]. These precipitates are dangerous intermetallic phases resulting in detrimental effects on impact toughness and corrosion resistance [1] [2] [9] [10]- [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various intermetallic phases (σ-phase, χ-phase, carbides and nitrides) have been found to occur at the α/γ interface [1] [2] [9]- [15]. Other authors [16] [17] suggest that the precipitation of σ-phase is associated with the precipitation of χ-phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other authors [16] [17] suggest that the precipitation of σ-phase is associated with the precipitation of χ-phase. If the alloy with 15 to 75 Cr % is heat treated or used in the temperature range 350˚C -550˚C, spinodal decomposition occurs within α matrix as a decomposition into α and ά [15]. Due to the embrittling effect of ά, a serious decrease in toughness occurs, which is known as 475˚C embrittlement [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If the alloy with 15 to 75 Cr % is heat treated or used in the temperature range 350˚C -550˚C, spinodal decomposition occurs within α matrix as a decomposition into α and ά [15]. Due to the embrittling effect of ά, a serious decrease in toughness occurs, which is known as 475˚C embrittlement [15]. Carbide and nitride precipitation in the ferrite-austenitic steels occur in the temperature range 550˚C -800˚C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbide and nitride precipitation in the ferrite-austenitic steels occur in the temperature range 550˚C -800˚C. Chromiumrich precipitates, which are formed in the grain boundaries can cause intergranular corrosion and, in extreme cases, even a decrease in toughness [15]. However, after only short times in the critical temperature range, the risk of precipitation is very small for the low-carbon stainless steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Properties as an Austenite-Ferrite Composite

Elsabbagh

Hamouda

et al. 2015

MSA

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Super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) is considered as a composite formed from a microstructure of an approximately equal mixture of two primary constituents (γ-austenite and α-ferrite phases) and the secondary precipitates (sigma, chi, alpha-prime, etc.). While the formation of these phases affects the properties of SDSS, however there are no rules that govern the relationship. In this work, the relationship between toughness as well as corrosion behavior of SDSS (UNS 32760) and the microstructure constituents has been experimentally investigated, and analyzed in view of the composite principles. Another two stainless steels namely; fully austenitic SASS (UNS N08367) and fully ferritic FSS (UNS S42900) are considered to simulate the constituent's primary components in the composite which are austenite γ and ferrite α phases respectively. Samples of the composite and constituent's steels are first subjected to solution annealing, where the composite steel has a microstructure of γ austenite and α ferrite grains. They were then subjected to similar different isothermal heat treatment cycles, for the formation of secondary phase precipitations within the transformation temperature ranges of each of γ and α primary grains. Impact toughness and corrosion (specific weight loss) tests were conducted on the annealed and isothermally treated samples. The composite rule of the mixtures (ROM) is used to analyze the relationship between the toughness and corrosion properties in the composite SDSS and the SASS and FSS constituent's steels. The analysis indicates that in case of toughness, ROM applies well on the composite and constituents' steels in the solution annealed and in isothermal treatment conditions, where better matching between experimental and calculated results is observed. When applying ROM for corrosion weight loss, a great difference is found between the experimental and calculated results, which is much reduced for solution treated samples ferritic and austenitic temperature ranges of 480˚C-500˚C and 700˚C-750˚C as for ferrite and austenite respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analysis of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Properties as an Austenite-Ferrite Composite

Elsabbagh

Hamouda

et al. 2015

MSA

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Insights into the Microstructure and Texture Evolution Using Electron Backscattered Diffraction and Thermal Stability of Low Mn Fe–25Cr–6.5Ni–3.5Mo Alloy

Dandekar

2023

Arab J Sci Eng

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Modelamento numérico-computacional das transformações de fase nos tratamentos térmicos de aços.

Bortoleto¹

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The objective of this work is to analyze residual strains and stresses and volumetric expansion due to phase transformations that occur during quenching of a steel body, as well as to predict these phase transformations. The coupled thermo-mechanicalphase transformation problem was analyzed, specifically in terms of the quenching process. Different computational models were presented, based on the finite element software ABAQUS® and on the use of FORTRAN subroutines. The continuouscooling-transformation (CCT) diagrams of SAE 4140 steel are represented differently in each model, depending on the transformed phases and correspondent volumetric expansion. These subroutines include information from the CCT diagrams of SAE 4140 into a FORTRAN code. The subroutine calculates all the microstructures resulting from quenching (ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite), depending on cooling rate. The numerical analysis conducted in this work provided results in terms of the temperature and stresses developed during quenching. The properties determined in this work are hardness, yield strength, volumetric fraction and distortion. Hardness has been predicted by the use of analytical equations. The finite element analyses were able to explain and reproduce phenomena observed during quenching of a steel cylinder. In particular, numerical results indicated that martensite formation is always related to a compressive stress field. The results of the models are in qualitative agreement with data provided by literature, particularly, in relation to the stresses originated by each different phase transformation during quenching process. Experimental testing was conducted, based on the analysis of the quenching of a Jominy probe, in order to validate the computational model developed in this work.

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Clean cast steel technology. Determination of transformation diagrams for duplex stainless steel

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Analysis of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Properties as an Austenite-Ferrite Composite

Analysis of Super Duplex Stainless Steel Properties as an Austenite-Ferrite Composite

Insights into the Microstructure and Texture Evolution Using Electron Backscattered Diffraction and Thermal Stability of Low Mn Fe–25Cr–6.5Ni–3.5Mo Alloy

Modelamento numérico-computacional das transformações de fase nos tratamentos térmicos de aços.

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