Clean and selective production of γ-valerolactone from biomass-derived levulinic acid catalyzed by recyclable Pd nanoparticle catalyst

Levulinic Acid Biorefineries: New Challenges for Efficient Utilization of Biomass

“…[177] Noble palladium (Pd) nanoparticles have also been testified as efficient hydrogenation catalysts by Yane tal. [178,179] Pd-supported nanoparticles show significant selectivity and are able to produce GVL at 96 % yield at 100 %c onversion of levulinic acid. The Pd nanoparticle catalysts exhibit stable catalytic performance over severalr uns, which is promisingf or the clean production of chemicals and biofuels from biomass.…”

Catalytic reactions of gamma-valerolactone: A platform to fuels and value-added chemicals

“…There are two possible pathways for the hydrogenation of LA proposed in Scheme 2 [39,40]. It is often proposed that the first step during the hydrogenation reaction was a conception of molecular hydrogen and liquid LA on the metal support [39,[65][66][67][68][69][70]. Hydrogen following the division of the H diatom, was adsorbed on the surface of Ru to form the bond between Ru and hydrogen, and then LA were adsorbed on the surface of Ru by the combination of Ru with carbonylic C and O atoms.…”

“…Recently, we have shown that the Cu-derived bimetallic catalysts were highly efficient for the hydrogenation of LA as well as furfural [9,68,91,92], where the Cucatalysts were facilely synthesized from Cu-hydrotalcite (like CuCr-, CuAl-, CuFe-) precursors.…”

Effects of Solid Acid Supports on the Bifunctional Catalysis of Levulinic Acid to γ‐Valerolactone: Catalytic Activity and Stability

“…Therefore, MCM-41 usually needs to be modified to obtain a more suitable acidity for the bifunctional conversion of LA. [57] MCM-41 and its heteroatom modified AlMCM-41 and ZrMCM-41 were used as supports to prepare the corresponding Pd-based catalysts, respectively.…”