Clay minerals from Weichselian glaciolimnic sediments of the Sępopolska Plain (NE Poland)

Długosz, Jacek; Orzechowski, Mirosław; Kobierski, Mirosław; Smólczyński, Sławomir; Zamorski, Ryszard

doi:10.2478/v10096-009-0018-z

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The clay fraction (< 0.002 mm) amounted to up to 81% (55% on average). Clay fraction was predominated by swelling minerals, mainly smectite and mixed-packet type of illite / smectite (I / S), with a large share of smectite packets in their structure (Długosz et al, 2009). The high content of clay fraction rich in swelling clay minerals promotes the shrinking and swelling of vertisols.…”

Section: Soil Texture and Some Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the Earth's surface, the majority of vertisols occur in the equatorial and subtropical zone. In Poland, vertisols occur in the southwestern part, near Wrocław (Łabaz and Kabała, 2014;Kabala et al, 2015;Dudek et al, 2019), near Ciechanów (Olszewski, 1956) and in the northern part of the country above 54° N -in the Sępopol Plain (Uggla and Witek, 1956;Długosz et al, 2009;Orzechowski et al, 2018) and around Gniew in the Starogard Lakeland (Prusinkiewicz, 2001;Mocek et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical, water and redox properties of vertisols of the Sępopol Plain in north-eastern Poland

Orzechowski¹,

Smólczyński²,

Kalisz³

2020

Soil Sci. Ann.

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Vertisols occurring in the Sępopol Plain in northeastern Poland are characterized by high natural fertility. They belong to the group of soils with high clay content, which show the ability of periodic shrinking and swelling of clay minerals. As a result of variable moisture conditions, deep cracks and sliding surfaces are formed on the surface of the soil aggregates. The purpose of this research was to determine the chemical, physical, air-water and redox properties of vertisols developed from glaciolimnic sediments of the Weichselian glaciation, and having textures of clay (C), loam (L) and heavy clay (HC). The studied soils had high fi eld water capacity (pF 2.0) and high content of water unavailable to plants (pF 4.2), as well as low volume of air pores. A signifi cant positive correlation was found between the amount of clay and the volume of water unavailable to plants (pF 4.2), and a negative correlation between the amount of clay and content of water available to plants (AWC), including water readily available to plants (RAWC). The distribution of soil pores was unfavourable, and the ratio of macropores to mesopores to micropores in humic horizons was 1:2.7-5.1:1.5-5.4. The studied vertisols had low values of redox potential (Eh) and oxygen diffusion rate (ODR). The values of the Eh were above 300 mV, a threshold value for oxidised and reduced soil, only in surface horizons.

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Section: Soil Texture and Some Chemical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, water and redox properties of vertisols of the Sępopol Plain in north-eastern Poland

Orzechowski¹,

Smólczyński²,

Kalisz³

2020

Soil Sci. Ann.

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“…Roden et al (2004) suggest that oxidative saturation of organic-rich soil solutions promotes the formation of aqueous organic-Fe complexes and amorphous solids. The methods for describing the soil-forming processes also include analyses of sedimentological and granulometric indices and clay mineral composition (Zagórski, 1996;Długosz et al, 2009;Kobierski and Długosz, 2011;Drewnik, 2014;Jaworska et al, 2014, Kabała et al, 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of iron forms in different types of black earths in the Chełmno Lake District (Northern Poland) as an indicator of soil-forming process

Pawłowski,

Kobierski

2023

Soil Sci. Ann.

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An important part of soil science research is the classifi cation of soils. Numerous soil scientists have paid special attention to various dependencies related to the content and distribution of iron forms in the soil profi le. This allows the taxonomic unit to be determined according to soil classifi cations. The research objective was to evaluate the distribution of iron forms as an indicator of soil-forming processes in four profi les of arable black earths. The research subject was soils formed from glacial sediments in the Chełmno Lake District (northern Poland). They were determined by morphological description to be Phaeozems representing four subtypes: Haplic Phaeozem, Luvic Gleyic Phaeozem, Gleyic Phaeozem and Gleyic (Cambic) Phaeozem. Soil horizons were described according to FAO guidelines. The soil samples were analysed for the content of free iron oxides (Fe d ) according to Mehra and Jackson's method, as well as the content of amorphous iron oxides, (Fe o ) according to Schwertmann's method. Based on the content of Fe d and Fe o , the content of crystalline iron oxides (Fe c ) was calculated using the formula: Fe c = Fe d -Fe o and the iron oxides activity index was calculated from the Fe o /Fe d ratio. The content of Fe t was highest in the Bt horizon of profi le II. In individual profi les, Fe d content was highest in the Bt horizon of gleyic Phaeozem and the AB horizon of gleyic (cambic) Phaeozem. In Luvic Gleyic Phaeozem and Gleyic (Cambic) Phaeozem iron was removed from the surface horizon to be accumulated in the illuvial horizon. The uniformity of content of total iron and its free iron oxides in the parent material of the analysed soils indicates its genetic homogeneity. The release of iron in the Ap horizon is characteristic of chemical weathering. The relationship between the content of Fe o and Fe d determines the degree of crystallization of free iron oxides. Based on the statistical analysis, a signifi cantly positive correlation between the content of clay fraction and all the iron forms determined was found. All the profi les were characterized by similar degrees of weathering of the soil material, which was determined on the basis of the Fe d /Fe t ratio. The soils also demonstrate a low value of iron mobilization, as confi rmed by the values of the Fe d /Fe t ratio. Determining iron forms and interpreting analysis results help in the correct classifi cation of soils, because the distribution of iron forms in soil profi les depends mainly on pedogenesis.

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“…PSD can be the basis for calculation of other soil characteristics such as fractal dimension (Bieganowski et al, 2013;Gunal et al, 2011;Usowicz and Lipiec, 2009) or modelling (Lamorski et al, 2008;Wei Shangguana et al, 2012). It can be used for characterization of soil and geomorphological processes (D³ugosz et al, 2009;Dobrowolski et al, 2012;Kabala and Zapart 2012;Józefaciuk et al, 2006;Waroszewski et al, 2013). PSD can be also the basis of other soil measurements (Brogowski and Kwasowski, 2012;Bryk, 2012).…”

Section: Particle Size Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Database of Polish arable mineral soils: a review

Bieganowski¹,

Witkowska-Walczak²,

Gliński³

et al. 2013

International Agrophysics

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The database of Polish arable mineral soils is presented. The database includes a lot of information about the basic properties of soils and their dynamic characteristics. It was elaborated for about 1 000 representative profiles of soils in Poland The database concerns: particle size distribution, organic carbon content, acidity-pH, specific surface area, hydrophobicity - solidliquid contact angle, static and dynamic hydrophysical properties, oxidation-reduction properties and selected biological (microbiological) properties of soils. Knowledge about soil characteristics is indispensable for description, interpretation and prediction of the course of physical, chemical and biological processes, and modelling these processes requires representative data. The utility of simulation and prediction models describing phenomena which take place in the soil-plant-atmosphere system greatly depends on the precision of data concerning characteristics of soil. On the basis of this database, maps of chosen soil properties are constructed. The aim of maps is to provide specialists in agriculture, ecology, and environment protection with an opportunity to gain knowledge of soil properties and their spatial and seasonal variability.

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Clay minerals from Weichselian glaciolimnic sediments of the Sępopolska Plain (NE Poland)

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Physical, water and redox properties of vertisols of the Sępopol Plain in north-eastern Poland

Physical, water and redox properties of vertisols of the Sępopol Plain in north-eastern Poland

Distribution of iron forms in different types of black earths in the Chełmno Lake District (Northern Poland) as an indicator of soil-forming process

Database of Polish arable mineral soils: a review

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