Clay illuviation in calcareous soils of the semiarid part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India

Pal, Dilip Kumar; Srivastava, Pankaj; Bhattacharyya, T.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7061(02)00377-4

Cited by 68 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Increasing Ex-Na trend could be related to depletion of Ca +2 and Mg +2 ions from the soil system in a CaCO 3 or CaMg (CO 3 ) 2 precipitation context, that it consequentially causes an increase in ESP and SAR. The precipitation of Ca +2 and Mg +2 is mainly induced by either a lowering of the partial pressure of CO 2 or by evapotranspiration (Pal et al 2003).…”

Section: Exceptional Of Verticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of inceptisols soil quality following long-term cropping in a calcareous environment

Rezapour

Samadi

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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The combination of morphological, clay mineralogy, physicochemical, and fertilitical properties of inceptisols were compared for monitoring soil quality response following long-term agricultural activities. For this target, fifty-nine paired surface soils belonging to five subgroups of inceptisols from the major sugar beet growing area and the adjoining virgin lands were described, sampled, and analyzed. The soils were alkaline and calcareous as characterized by high pH, ranging from 7.2 to 8, and calcium carbonate equivalent, ranging from 60 to 300 g kg(-1). Following long-term sugar beet cultivation, morphological properties modifications were reflected as weakening of structure, hardening of consistency, and brightening of soil color. Although, the quantity of clay minerals did not significantly change through long-term cropping, some modifications in the XRD pattern of illite and smectite were observed in the cultivated soils compared to the adjoining virgin lands mainly as a result of potassium depletion. Without significant variation, sand content decreased by 4-55% and silt and clay increased by 3-22% and 2-15%, respectively, in the cultivated soils than to that of the virgin lands. Both negative and positive aspects of soil quality were reflected regarding soil chemical and fertilitical properties and the role of negative effects far exceeded the role of positive effects. Typic calcixerepts was known to be more degraded through a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.001) in mean value of soil organic carbon (a drop of 24%), total N (a drop of 23%), available K (a drop of 42%), exchangeable K (a drop of 45%), potassium adsorption ratio and potassium saturation ratio (a drop of 44% and 42%, respectively) and a significant increase (P ≤ 0.001) in EC (a rise of 53%). Soil quality index, calculated based on nine soil properties [coarse fragments, pH, SOC, total N, ESP, exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, and K), and available phosphorus], indicated that 60% of the all soil types studied had negative changes, 20% had positive changes, and 20% produced no changes in soil heath.

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Section: Exceptional Of Verticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of inceptisols soil quality following long-term cropping in a calcareous environment

Rezapour

Samadi

2011

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Pal et al 2003) reported that clay illuviation and the formation of CaCO3 in highly Na-rich soils from India occur simultaneously in a moist, ustic soil regime. According to these authors, this can occur when a high amount of sodium causes precipitation of soluble Ca2+ ions as calcium carbonate (CaCO3), preventing the flocculation of clay by Ca2+.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Pleistocene calcrete over a sequence of marine terraces at Tongoy (north-central Chile) and its paleoenvironmental implications

Pfeiffer

Aburto

Roux

et al. 2012

CATENA

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The importance of the Norte Chico region in north-central Chile has long been recognized for the paleoclimates recorded in its soils. This area lies in an extreme climate gradient between the hyper-arid Atacama Desert in the north and a Mediterranean climate in the south, which has made it very sensitive to past climate changes. Nevertheless, few paleoclimate studies have been undertaken in the region, and these were mostly concentrated on the Holocene. We studied Pleistocene climate changes recorded in soils that formed over a series of marine terraces near Tongoy about 60 km south of La Serena. The calcrete and soil development took place on four marine terraces associated with Marine Isotope Stages MIS 11, MIS 7e, MIS 5e, and MIS 1. The different types of calcretes that developed on the three oldest terraces containing calcareous material indicate that they developed during different periods, and that climatic conditions favorable for the development of these soils existed in the area at least from MIS 11 (412 ka) until post-MIS 5e (125 ka). The calcrete horizons show well-defined development stages recording cyclic climate changes varying between arid and more humid during the late Pleistocene. These climate changes recorded in the Tongoy soils are reflected by sedimentological, geomorphological and pedogenic processes. Climate cycles have only been recorded previously for the post-MIS 5e stage in the area, this study being the first to include climate variations reaching MIS 11.

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“…Increase of sodium on the exchange complex in the cultivation system can be explained by the quality of the irrigation water. The irrigation water samples for the cultivated soil had a remarkable bicarbonate content ( Corwing et al (2003) and Pal et al (2003). Long-term cropping induced a decrease, although not significant, in CEC compared to those of the grassland and forestland in both Cambisols and Vertisols, probably as a result of destruction in SOC and variation in clay minerals (illite and smectite).…”

Section: Soil Chemical and Fertilitical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response of some soil attributes to different land use types in calcareous soils with Mediterranean type climate in north-west of Iran

Rezapour

2013

Environ Earth Sci

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Monitoring general variability of soil attributes is a fundamental requirement from the point of view of understanding and predicting how ecosystems yield. In order to monitor impact of different land use types on the combination of morphological, clay mineralogical and physicochemical characterizes, 42 soil samples (0-30 cm) were described and analyzed. Soil samples belonging to Cambisols and Vertisols reference soil groups collected from three neighboring land use types included cropland (under long-term continuous cultivation), grassland, and forestland. The soils were characterized by high pH (mean of 7.1-7.5) and calcium carbonate equivalent (CCE) (mean of 35-97 g kg -1 ) in the three land use types. The weakening in soil structure, hardening of consistency, and lighting of soil color occurred for the cropland under comparable condition with grassland and forest. Changes in land use types produced a remarkable change in the XRD patterns of clay minerals containing illite and smectite due the dynamic and removal of potassium. Continuous cultivation resulted in an increase in sand content up to 35 % while silt and clay content decreased up to 22 and 18 %, respectively, as compared to the adjoining grassland and forest mainly as a result of the difference of dynamic alterational and erosional process in the different land use. Long-term cultivation caused a negative and degradative aspects on soil heath as is manifested by the increasing in soil pH (a rise of 0.3-0.46 unit), electrical conductivity (EC) (a rise of 1.78-5.5 times), sodium absorption ration (SAR) (a rise of 10-51 %), exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) (a rise of 3-46 %), and the decrease in soil organic C (a drop of 12-41 %), along with soil fertility attributes. Overall, the general distribution of soil organic C, total N, available P and K, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, and K) followed the order: forestland [ grassland [ cropland. The general distribution of EC, SAR, ESP, and exchangeable Na, however, followed the order: cropland [ grassland [ forestland. Soil quality index (SQI), calculated based on some physicochemical properties, specified that cultivation led to a negative effect in SQI for both Cambisols (a drop of 10-17 %) and Vertisols (a drop of 17 %) as compared to those of under grassland and forestland.

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Clay illuviation in calcareous soils of the semiarid part of the Indo-Gangetic Plains, India

Cited by 68 publications

References 31 publications

Assessment of inceptisols soil quality following long-term cropping in a calcareous environment

Assessment of inceptisols soil quality following long-term cropping in a calcareous environment

Development of a Pleistocene calcrete over a sequence of marine terraces at Tongoy (north-central Chile) and its paleoenvironmental implications

Response of some soil attributes to different land use types in calcareous soils with Mediterranean type climate in north-west of Iran

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