Clay Dispersed Styrene-co-Glycidyl Methacrylate Impregnated Kumpang Wood Polymer Nanocomposites: Impact on Mechanical and Morphological Properties

Sultan, Md. Tipu; Rahman, Rezaur; Hamdan, Sinin; Lai, Josephine Chang Hui; Talib, Zainal Abidin

doi:10.15376/biores.11.3.6649-6662

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Wood impregnated by a mixture of 5wt% FA water solution , and 50wt% FA water solution WPGs were16.8 and 74 [28] - [29]. WPG in RW by the impregnation with a solution of 50 vol% 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and 50 vol% FA was 28.66 [22]. Whereas in our study, the weight gain in the RW impregnated with a mixture of 50 vol% ST and 50 vol% FA was 7.45%.…”

Section: Weight Percentage Gain (Wpg) and Water Uptake (Wu) %contrasting

confidence: 52%

“…1). The dried and weighted wood specimens were immersed in distilled water for fifteen days according to Internatioal, ASTM (2002) [22]- [23]. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements were performed on 5 to 10 mg samples at a heating rate of 10 ο C/min in a nitrogen atmosphere using a thermogravimetric analyzer (Model SDT Q600, TA Instruments; Selangor, Malaysia).…”

Section: Materials and Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical, and Thermal Properties of Wood Impregnated with a Mixture of Furfuryl Alcohol, Styrene, and Nanoclay

Sultan

Rahman

Hamdan

et al. 2020

MSF

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In this study, raw wood (RW) samples were impregnated with a mixture of furfural alcohol (FA), styrene (ST), and nanoclay of varying concentration of FA and ST. These impregnated wood and RWsamples were then subjected to FTIR, water uptake (WU), and thermal studies. The FT-IR results at 1600-1800 cm-1 showed that the ST/FA/clay-WPNCs had different peak numbers with different positions compared with the RW. So, there was an interaction between RW, FA, ST and clay. The WU of ST/FA/clayimpregnated wood is lower than RW. In thermo gravematric result, below 100 °C the impregnated wood samples had less weight lost compared to RW.

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Section: Weight Percentage Gain (Wpg) and Water Uptake (Wu) %contrasting

confidence: 52%

Section: Materials and Experimental Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical, and Thermal Properties of Wood Impregnated with a Mixture of Furfuryl Alcohol, Styrene, and Nanoclay

Sultan

Rahman

Hamdan

et al. 2020

MSF

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“…In addition, the clay-incorporated wood polymer nanocomposite (WPNC) showed less fiber pullout from the fractured surface and better dispersion of filler throughout the matrix which in turn improved interfacial interaction among wood, polymer, and nanoclay (Figure 4(c)). is is due to the MMT particles that increased the interaction between polymer and wood fiber [23]. As a result, a significant improvement in acoustic properties of the nanocomposites indicated that St, VA, and MMT had been successfully impregnated into Kayu Malam wood which is reflected in Figure 3 earlier.…”

Section: Sem Studymentioning

confidence: 84%

Investigation of the Acoustic Properties of Chemically Impregnated Kayu Malam Wood Used for Musical Instrument

Hossen

Hamdan

Rahman

2018

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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e chemical modification or impregnation through preparing the wood polymer composites (WPCs) can effectively reduce the hygroscopicity as well as can improve the acoustic properties of wood. On the other hand, a small amount of nanoclay into the chemical mixture can further improve the different properties of the WPCs through the preparation of wood polymer nanocomposites (WPNCs). Kayu Malam wood species with styrene (St), vinyl acetate (VA), and montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay were used for the preparation of WPNCs. e acoustic properties such as specific dynamic Young's modulus (E d /γ), internal friction (Q −1 ), and acoustic conversion efficiency (ACE) of wood were examined using free-free flexural vibration. It was observed that the chemically impregnated wood composite showed a higher value of E d /γ than raw wood and the nanoclay-loaded wood nanocomposite showed the highest value. e reverse trend was observed in the case of Q −1. On the other hand, chemical impregnation has a minor effect on ACE of wood for musical instruments. e results suggested that the chemically impregnated Kayu Malam wood polymer nanocomposite (WPNC) is suitable for making soundboards of violin and guitar instruments to be played longer without losing tone quality.

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“…3. Figure 3a shows that the surface of the RW contained a large number of void spaces, which represented the unfilled cell wall and pore volume that absorbed moisture, as reflected in the moisture absorption test (Sultan et al 2016). The AN-HNC WPNCs showed rough and non-uniform wood surfaces, as the AN-HNC only partially filled the void spaces, as can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Scanning Electron Microscopy (Sem) Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Evaluation of Acrylonitrile/Butyl Methacrylate/Halloysite Nanoclay Impregnated Wood Polymer Nanocomposites

2017

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Acrylonitrile/butyl methacrylate/halloysite nanoclay wood polymer nanocomposites (AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs) were prepared via the impregnation method, and the effect of different ratios of polymers was investigated. The WPNCs were characterized through weight percent gain, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the three-point flexural test, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, and the moisture absorption test. The weight percent gain in the 50:50 AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs was the highest compared with the raw wood (RW) and other WPNCs. The FT-IR results confirmed that polymerization took place in the nanocomposites, especially in the 50:50 AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs, with a reduction of hydroxyl groups. The SEM results revealed that the 50:50 AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs showed the best surface morphology. The 50:50 AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs showed the highest flexural strength and modulus of elasticity. The results revealed that the storage modulus and loss modulus of the AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs were higher, while the tan δ of the ANco-BMA-HNC WPNCs was lower, compared with the RW. The AN-co-BMA-HNC WPNCs also exhibited higher thermal stability and exhibited remarkably lower moisture absorption compared with the RW. Overall, this study demonstrated that the 50:50 AN-co-BMA ratio was the most suitable to be introduced into RW.

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Clay Dispersed Styrene-co-Glycidyl Methacrylate Impregnated Kumpang Wood Polymer Nanocomposites: Impact on Mechanical and Morphological Properties

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Physical, and Thermal Properties of Wood Impregnated with a Mixture of Furfuryl Alcohol, Styrene, and Nanoclay

Physical, and Thermal Properties of Wood Impregnated with a Mixture of Furfuryl Alcohol, Styrene, and Nanoclay

Investigation of the Acoustic Properties of Chemically Impregnated Kayu Malam Wood Used for Musical Instrument

Evaluation of Acrylonitrile/Butyl Methacrylate/Halloysite Nanoclay Impregnated Wood Polymer Nanocomposites

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