Claus recycle with double combustion process

El‐Bishtawi, Ribhi; Haimour, Noman

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2004.04.001

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In High Temperature Air Combustion, the air is brought to above the auto-ignition temperature of the fuel to obtain uniform ignition and combustion characteristics across the reactor. The reported auto-ignition temperature of hydrogen sulfide (563 K or 290ºC) is lower than a typical auto-ignition temperature for hydrocarbon fuels (400-600 ºC) and therefore requires less energy extraction from the high-pressure steam to achieve ignition and sustained combustion [17] . During the transient start-up period, preheating with an electrical heater or auxiliary fuel can be used after which self-sustained operation at steady-state …”

Section: Claus Catalytic Stagementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sulfur Recovery from Acid Gas Using the Claus Process and High Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC) Technology

Sassi¹,

Gupta²

2008

American J. of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sulfur-bearing compounds are very detrimental to the environment and to industrial process equipment. They are often obtained or formed as a by-product of separation and thermal processing of fuels containing sulfur, such as coal, crude oil and natural gas. The two sulfur compounds, which need special attention, are: hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ). H 2 S is a highly corrosive gas with a foul smell. SO 2 is a toxic gas responsible for acid rain formation and equipment corrosion. Various methods of reducing pollutants containing sulfur are described in this paper, with a focus on the modified Claus process, enhanced by the use of High Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC) technology in the Claus furnace. The Claus process has been known and used in the industry for over 100 years. It involves thermal oxidation of hydrogen sulfide and its reaction with sulfur dioxide to form sulfur and water vapor. This process is equilibrium-limited and usually achieves efficiencies in the range of 94-97%, which have been regarded as acceptable in the past years. Nowadays strict air pollution regulations regarding hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide emissions call for nearly 100% efficiency, which can only be achieved with process modifications. High temperature air combustion technology or otherwise called flameless (or colorless) combustion is proposed here for application in Claus furnaces, especially those employing lean acid gas streams, which cannot be burned without the use of auxiliary fuel or oxygen enrichment under standard conditions. With the use of HiTAC it has been shown, however, that fuel-lean, Low Calorific Value (LCV) fuels can be burned with very uniform thermal fields without the need for fuel enrichment or oxygen addition. The uniform temperature distribution favors clean and efficient burning with an additional advantage of significant reduction of NOx, CO and hydrocarbon emission.

show abstract

Section: Claus Catalytic Stagementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The use of a gas recycling process has been proposed by the CNG group [17] . The effluent gas from the first condenser was recycled back into the burner to attain overall sulfur recovery of 100%.…”

Section: Claus Catalytic Stagementioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur Recovery from Acid Gas Using the Claus Process and High Temperature Air Combustion (HiTAC) Technology

Sassi¹,

Gupta²

2008

American J. of Environmental Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…2 Concentrações elevadas de SO 2 em certas situações provocam deposição ácida e smog industrial. 3,4 Já o H 2 S leva à morte imediata em concentrações a partir de 1000 mg m -3 no ambiente. 2 Além disso, é oxidado a SO 2 na atmosfera num tempo médio de 24 h. 5 A unidade de recuperação de enxofre (URE) é a tecnologia para reduzir o impacto ambiental devido aos compostos sulfurados.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…3,4 Já o H 2 S leva à morte imediata em concentrações a partir de 1000 mg m -3 no ambiente. 2 Além disso, é oxidado a SO 2 na atmosfera num tempo médio de 24 h.…”

unclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Análise de compostos sulfurados em efluentes gasosos de refinaria de petróleo

Afonso¹,

Pereira²

2010

Quím. Nova

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

#Petróleo Brasileiro S. A., Refinaria Duque de Caxias, Av. Washington Luis, km 113,7, 25213-005 Duque de Caxias -RJ, BrasilRecebido em 4/5/09; aceito em 26/10/09; publicado na web em 12/3/10 ANALYSIS OF SULFUR COMPOUNDS IN PETROLEUM REFINERY GASEOUS EFFLUENTS. This work discusses an analytical procedure for analysis of sulfur compounds in treated petroleum refinery gaseous effluents using a sulfur chemiluminescence detector with dual plasma burner (SCD-DP). Calibration was accomplished by using standards and gaseous streams of known concentration of sulfur compounds. The response factors agree with the calibration table of ASTM standard D 5504 (2008). The detection range for sulfur compounds is in μg m -3. The analytical procedure allowed the construction of a chromatographic chart of sulfur compounds present in several refinery gaseous effluents. SO 2 was the most difficult compound to be determined because of its high reactivity.Keywords: sulfur compounds; chemiluminescence; gaseous effluents. INTRODUÇÃOAtualmente, as decisões sobre a viabilidade de um empreendimento na indústria de refino de petróleo incluem o componente ambiental, pois é um item fundamental na análise do processo e de sua rentabilidade. Desse modo, as refinarias investem na minimização da geração de resíduos, adotando métodos como a utilização de tecnologias de processamento de poluentes reativos como compostos de enxofre. Os processos de refino de petróleo são responsáveis pela emissão de dióxido de enxofre (SO 2 ) ou de sulfeto de hidrogênio (H 2 S). 1O SO 2 tem potenciais efeitos danosos ao organismo, pois concentrações de 1,2 mg m -3 em ambientes fechados provocam constrições no sistema respiratório de pessoas saudáveis.2 Concentrações elevadas de SO 2 em certas situações provocam deposição ácida e smog industrial. 3,4 Já o H 2 S leva à morte imediata em concentrações a partir de 1000 mg m -3 no ambiente. 2 Além disso, é oxidado a SO 2 na atmosfera num tempo médio de 24 h. 5A unidade de recuperação de enxofre (URE) é a tecnologia para reduzir o impacto ambiental devido aos compostos sulfurados.6-8 A carga da URE, rica especialmente em H 2 S, 6 é a mistura de gases provenientes principalmente das unidades de pré-tratamento de correntes dos processos de craqueamento catalítico em leito fluidizado (Fluid Catalytic Cracking -FCC); hidrotratamento de querosene e óleo diesel; dessulfurização de óleos parafínicos e lubrificantes, e tratamento de águas ácidas.4 Todas essas correntes gasosas têm caráter ácido. 7,8 Os principais compostos sulfurados responsáveis pela característica ácida das mesmas são H 2 S, sulfeto de carbonila (COS) e tióis leves como metanotiol, etanotiol, propanotióis e butanotióis. A passagem em torres de absorção com aminas reduz em mais de 95% a concentração desses sulfurados, sendo considerado tratamento preliminar de gases ácidos em refinaria de petróleo. 8 A dietanolamina (DEA) é amplamente utilizada para esse fim devido à possibilidade de ser regenerada mediante aquecimento a 125 ºC; os compostos sulfurados são dessorv...

show abstract