Stimulated
emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy provides subdiffraction
resolution while preserving the benefits of fluorescence confocal
microscopy in live-cell imaging. However, there are several challenges
for multicolor STED nanoscopy, including sophisticated microscopy
architectures, fast photobleaching, and cross talk of fluorescent
probes. Here, we introduce two types of nanoscale fluorescent semiconducting
polymer dots (Pdots) with different emission wavelengths: CNPPV (poly[2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-(1-cyanovinylene-1,4-phenylene)])
Pdots and PDFDP (poly[{9,9-dihexyl-2,7-bis(1-cyanovinylene)fluorene}-alt-co-{2,5-bis (N,N′-diphenylamino)-1,4-phenylene}]) Pdots, for dual-color
STED bioimaging and cellular tracking. Besides bright fluorescence,
strong photostability, and easy bioconjugation, these Pdots have large
Stokes shifts, which make it possible to share both excitation and
depletion beams, thus requiring only a single pair of laser beams
for the dual-color STED imaging. Long-term tracking of cellular organelles
by the Pdots has been achieved in living cells, and the dynamic interaction
of endosomes derived from clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated
endocytic pathways has been monitored for the first time to propose
their interaction models. These results demonstrate the promise of
Pdots as excellent probes for live-cell multicolor STED nanoscopy.