Classifying Musculocutaneous Nerve Variations Depending on the Origin

Leng, Lina; Liu, Huaying; Wang, Tiantao; Liu, Li; Si, Daowen

doi:10.4172/2329-6895.1000276

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…All included studies were performed on cadavers. Among 20 studies that specified the age of cadavers (fetus or adult), five studies (Uysal et al, ; Kervancioglu et al, ; Woźniak et al, ; Reis et al, ; Caetano et al, ) dissected fetuses, one study (Guerri‐Guttenberg and Ingolotti, ) included both fetuses and adults, while 14 studies dissected only adult cadavers (Chiarapattanakom et al, ; Aktan et al, ; Choi et al, ; Beheiry, ; Loukas and Aqueelah, ; Pacha Vicente et al, ; Maheswari and Sadanandam, ; Pozo Kreilinger et al, ; Budhiraja et al, ; Sawant et al, ; Chaudhary et al, ; Ballesteros et al, ; Cambon‐Binder and Leclercq, ; Leng et al, ). Only in eight studies, the variations were described together with information about the sex of individual cadavers in whom they were encountered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As revealed by one analysis (Guerri‐Guttenberg and Ingolotti, ), the fusion of the MCN with MN and the origin of the MCN from the MN could be classified by different authors into the same category. Other authors (Leng et al, ) classified the MCN as absent when the lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm and the branches to the brachialis and biceps brachii muscles originated from the MN, even if the branch to the coracobrachialis muscle was not identified; the MCN was present and classified as “mixed type” when the origin of the latter branch was from the lateral cord and all the other branches emerged from the MN. Adding to the confusion is the branch to the brachialis muscle; its motor fibers can emerge together with the sensory lateral cutaneous nerve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although frequently used, these classifications do not cover all variations encountered during anatomical dissections. Hence, many novel classifications have been suggested and employed in dissection studies (Kosugi et al ; Choi et al ; Loukas and Aqueelah, ; Uysal et al, ; Guerri‐Guttenberg and Ingolotti, ; Maeda et al, ; Kaur and Singla, ; Leng et al, ; Hayashi et al, ), making it difficult to estimate the exact frequency of the encountered variations in the general population. Arguably, even the most precise and all‐inclusive classifications tend to miss the point, which is not to simply classify the encountered variation in the plexus once it has been dissected.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of musculocutaneous nerve variations: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2018

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We aimed to establish the prevalence of the musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) variations and the probability of the variation being pure or mixed in the same plexus. We applied the principles of evidence-based anatomy to find, appraise, and synthesize data through a meta-analysis of anatomical studies. The variations were grouped based on the presence and location of the communicating branch with the median nerve and the origin of branches to anterior arm muscles. Forty-three cadaveric studies met the inclusion criteria, providing data from 4124 plexuses. The overall pooled prevalence of plexuses with MCN variations was 20%. Based on the classification applied in our study, the pooled prevalence of variations was 17% in region 1A, 20% in region 1B, 36% in region 2 and 49% in region 3. Importantly, 64.58% of variations in region 1A and 74.14% of variations in region 1B were mixed, that is, associated with a variation in another region. The odds of finding another variation in the presence of a variation in region 2 or 3 were equal 0.37 and 0.52, respectively, demonstrating a significantly lower probability of finding mixed variations involving these regions, when compared with region 1A. Variations of the MCN are most common in the part distal to the exit from within or beneath the coracobrachialis muscle. Proximal variations are more often associated with another variation located along the nerve. These findings can assist health care professionals in the treatment of brachial plexus lesions. Clin. Anat., 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of musculocutaneous nerve variations: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

et al. 2018

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“…The findings states that the methods developed and followed are meaningful and easy to apply in surgical and clinical settings to manage the complex issues related to the nervous system. The study further suggested paying attention to the variation in MC during clinical investigation for the effective management of upper limb disorders [3].Persinger, in the short communication discussed the consistently reflected cerebral dysfunction or damages due to subsequent to mild closed head injuries and protracted difficulties with adaptation [4]. Commentary article of Dias JC, had reported two cases on inflammatory polyneuropathy (PN) after bariatric surgery without nutritional deficiency [5].…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Current Defies of Neurological Disorders

Yeung¹,

Uniyal²

2016

J Neurol Disord

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Journal of Neurological Disorders Volume No 4, Issue 4 released its current issues with the theme "Challenges in therapeutic intervention for the suppression of neurological disorders". The current issue comprises innovative research articles covering all aspects of neurology and its related disorders.Dai et al. study tried to explore the effect of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs)-collagen sponge complex on the neovascularization of chronic cerebral ischemia following multiple burr holes (MBH) surgery. The findings illustrate that in case of MBH surgery under chronic cerebral hypo-perfusion condition the EPCs-collagen sponge complex enhances angiogenesis and increases the blood flow perfusion in ischemic cerebral tissue [1].Derakhshan's research article presented a case study on the successful opioid mono-therapy in migralepsy. This research explored a novel concept to address series of challenges faced by the patients suffering from migraine-triggered epilepsy [2].Leng et al. tried to classify the musculocutaneous nerve variations depending on the origin. The findings states that the methods developed and followed are meaningful and easy to apply in surgical and clinical settings to manage the complex issues related to the nervous system. The study further suggested paying attention to the variation in MC during clinical investigation for the effective management of upper limb disorders [3].Persinger, in the short communication discussed the consistently reflected cerebral dysfunction or damages due to subsequent to mild closed head injuries and protracted difficulties with adaptation [4]. Commentary article of Dias JC, had reported two cases on inflammatory polyneuropathy (PN) after bariatric surgery without nutritional deficiency [5]. Persinger and St-Pierre, in their case blog offered a simple solution for ulnar nerve paraesthesia following body impacts from mechanical energies [6]. Case report of Elleuch, had described an unusual case of a cranial ABC occurring after long evolution of fronto-parietal FD in 16 years old girl [7].Yeung AT, reviewed his 25 years' experience in transforaminal endoscopic surgery [8,9] in a discussion of advancements made in the treatment of spinal pain with two summary articles of his clinical experience, "Transforaminal endoscopic surgery: It role in the treatment of painful conditions of an aging spine" and "Intradiscal therapy and transforaminal endoscopic decompression: opportunities and challenges for the future". The articles review the state of the art in minimally invasive spine surgery by focusing on the pain generators in the lumbar spine starting with the lumbar disc and expanding to decompression and ablation of nerves in the foramen.

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Anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in adult cadavers: A descriptive study and clinical significance

Han,

An,

Zilundu

et al. 2024

Microsurgery

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BackgroundBrachial plexus injury is recognized as one of the most severe clinical challenges due to the complex anatomical configuration of the brachial plexus and its propensity for variation, which complicates safe clinical interventions. This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence and characterize the types of brachial plexus variations, and to elucidate their clinical implications.Materials and MethodsWe conducted meticulous dissections of 60 formalin‐fixed cadavers' upper arm, axilla and lower neck to reveal and assess the roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches of the brachial plexus. The pattern of branching was noted by groups of dissecting medical students and confirmed by the senior anatomists. The variations discovered were record and photographed using a digital camera for further analysis.ResultsVariations in the brachial plexus were identified in 40 of the 60 cadavers, yielding a prevalence rate of 66.7%. These variations were classified into root anomalies (2.1%), trunk anomalies (8.5%), division anomalies (2.1%), and cord anomalies (4.3%). Notably, anomalies in communicating branches were observed in 39 cadavers (83.0%): 14 with bilateral anomalies, 14 with anomalies on the left side, and 11 on the right side. These communicating branches formed connections between the roots and other segments, including trunks, cords, and terminal nerves, and involved the median, musculocutaneous, and ulnar nerves.ConclusionThe frequency and diversity of brachial plexus variations, particularly in communicating branches, are significant in cadavers. It is imperative that these variations are carefully considered during the diagnostic process, treatment planning, and prior to procedures such as supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks and nerve transfers, to mitigate the risk of iatrogenic complications.

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Classifying Musculocutaneous Nerve Variations Depending on the Origin

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Prevalence of musculocutaneous nerve variations: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Prevalence of musculocutaneous nerve variations: Systematic review and meta‐analysis

Current Defies of Neurological Disorders

Anatomical variations of the brachial plexus in adult cadavers: A descriptive study and clinical significance

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