Classifying and Disclosing Medical Errors

Barsky, Maria; Olson, Andrew; Astik, Gopi J.

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2022.02.007

Medical Clinics of North America

2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2022.02.007

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Classifying and Disclosing Medical Errors

Maria Barsky

Andrew Olson

Gopi J. Astik

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…In regard to the patients' and their families' expectations regarding errors, it should be taken into account that they expect an explicit statement that an error occurred, an understandable description and explanation of its causes, plans to correct it, and how the error may influence the patient's health. All this information must be provided in clear, empathetic language with sincere apologies, a recognition of emotion, and a willingness to then monitor both the investigation into the case and the patient's progress 16 .…”

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Medical errors and communication

Román-Terán¹,

Gómez‐Huelgas²

2022

SJMED

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The interest sparked by "medical error" can be seen in the medical literature on the PubMed search engine. In a search of entries under this heading conducted on July 12, 2022, 156,899 references are found, of which 63,322 correspond to the last ten years and 5760 to reviews. Of them, 1880, 788, and 87 are publications in Spanish, respectively.In 1999, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) Committee on Quality of Health Care in America published landmark reports which, using data from the states of Colorado, Utah, and New York, estimated that nearly 100,000 patients died each year from problems arising from medical errors 1,2 . Extrapolating the results of these reports to North American health-care databases, it can be concluded that around 3% (2.9%-3.7%) of hospitalizations would have experienced adverse side effects secondary to medical errors made during the hospitalization and that between 6.6% and 13.6% of these errors would have had a fatal outcome. The reports stated that one of every two incidents could have been avoided. At that time, these provocative reports generated a great deal of debate, both in public opinion and in the medical field.If we perform the theoretical exercise of transferring these results to Spain's Basic Minimum Data Set (CMBD, for its initials in Spanish) (a registry of specialized healthcare activity from the Ministry of Health), in 1999, there would have been no < 50,000 avoidable adverse events due to medical error among hospitalized patients in our country, of which between 4000 and 5000 would have been fatal 3 .Based on these data, it is not too bold to claim that medical error is among the main causes of death in Western societies, causing a similar number or even more deaths than traffic accidents or breast cancer, and many more than due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.Later analyses -which included new works based on different methods that attempted to update the data reported by the IOM in 1999 as they considered them limited and out-of-date-considerably increased the number of medical errors. These analyses asserted that medical error is the third leading cause of death in the United States of America (USA), behind only cardiovascular diseases and cancer, and that they account for more than seven times the number of fatalities due to traffic accidents or firearms 4,5 . Classen et al. describe a medical error rate of 1.13% which, applied to Medicare data from the period from 2013 to 2015, would entail more than 400,000 deaths per year in the USA. This is four times higher than the estimate made by the IOM in 1999 6 .The fact that medical error is very likely underestimated makes this even more worrying. On the one hand, medical errors, whether they lead to the patient's death or not, are not classified as such in the International Classification of Diseases 9 th or 10 th edition (ICD-9, ICD-10). Therefore,

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confidence: 99%

Medical errors and communication

Román-Terán¹,

Gómez‐Huelgas²

2022

SJMED

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Disclosure of medical errors to patients by medical professionals: a protocol for a qualitative systematic review

Chen,

Huang,

Xiong

2024

BMJ Open

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IntroductionAlthough the disclosure of medical errors is an integral component of medical ethics, it remains inconsistent in practice worldwide. Despite various explanations of why healthcare professionals reveal their mistakes to patients, comprehensive comparisons and evaluations of this topic remain lacking. The objective of this review is to evaluate the experience of medical error disclosure among medical professionals who have been involved in such errors.Methods and analysisThis work will focus on studies involving medical professionals from various countries who work in hospital settings and have obtained an understanding of and firsthand experience with medical error disclosure. This review will include qualitative studies. Studies published in databases such as PubMed, Embase, EBSCO, OVID, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and Cochrane Library from 1 January 2000 to 30 April 2024 will be searched as part of this research. Additionally, OpenGrey will be searched manually to obtain supplementary information. The search will be conducted starting in May 2024 and will include both Chinese-language and English-language literature. The systematic review will follow the Joanna Briggs Institute’s (JBI) methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence and use the JBI System for the Unified Management, Assessment and Review of Information online program. Study authenticity will be investigated via the Qualitative Research Authenticity Evaluation Tool provided by the JBI Evidence-Based Health Care Centre, and data extraction will be performed via the Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument data extraction tool. The results will be integrated via a pooled integration methodology and evaluated in terms of reliability via the ConQual qualitative systematic evaluation evidence grading tool.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for the study because the review will be based on pre-existing data available in the literature. The results of this systematic review will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024494360.

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A Judicialização No Erro Médico No Brasil: Uma Revisão Integrativa

Silva,

De Almeida,

Fonseca

et al. 2023

Rev. Contemp.

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No Brasil, o erro médico é definido como uma conduta inadequada, incluindo negligência e imprudência, que causa danos ao paciente. Se, por um lado, está o medo do médico de ser adequado, por outro, está o curto tempo em que o médico precisa tomar a decisão acerca de uma determinada conduta e salvar a vida de seu paciente. Esta revisão integrativa tem por objetivo compreender e caracterizar os erros médicos mais frequentes que são demandados judicialmente no território brasileiro. Esta revisão integrativa foi realizada através de busca nas bibliotecas virtuais e bases de dados Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System on Line (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e pela Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Os artigos selecionados abordaram demandas judiciais em saúde no Brasil, de 2013-2023.

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Classifying and Disclosing Medical Errors

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Medical errors and communication

Medical errors and communication

Disclosure of medical errors to patients by medical professionals: a protocol for a qualitative systematic review

A Judicialização No Erro Médico No Brasil: Uma Revisão Integrativa

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