Classification of Winter Impaction of Mandible Third Molar on the Distance of the Mandibular Canals on Panoramic Radiographs at RSGMP Unjani

Abstract

Impacted teeth are teeth obstructed during the eruption process; the high prevalence of impacted teeth, especially third molars, accompanied by complaints that arise, requires omentectomy. Winter's classification shows various positions of impacted third molars based on angulation. This classification is judged to be describe the relationship of the apical position of the mandibular third molar tooth to the mandibular canal more clearly. The odontectomy procedure requires an excellent preoperative approach to consider the structures around the mandibular third molar, one of which is the mandibular canal, because the canal's proximity to the third molar root can increase the risk of nerve injury during the odontectomy procedure. This study aims to determine the relationship between the third mandibular impaction Winter classification and the mandibular canal distance on panoramic radiographs. The samples of this study were 53 and were grouped according to the position of the impaction vertically, mesioangularly, horizontally, and distoangularly. The study was conducted cross-sectionally by measuring the apical distance of the mandibular third molar to the upper border of the canal on a panoramic radiograph using a manual caliper. The space obtained was statistically analyzed using the eta correlation test. The results showed that 38 and 48 impactions were found to have the most mesioangular impaction, followed by horizontal, vertical, and distoangular paping the least. The mesioangular position measured the distance from the apical third molar of the impacted mandible to the closest distance to the mandibular canal, followed by the horizontal and the longest distance in the vertical position. Statistical tests were conducted to determine the relationship between the mandibular third molars and the mandibular canal. In the test results, the calculated F value on tooth 38 (2.64) and tooth 48 (0.507) was smaller than the F table value (2.794); this indicates there is no significant relationship between the two variables. The absence of a close relationship between the mandibular third molar distance and the mandibular canal indicates the possible low risk of complications in paresthesia after the odontectomy procedure.