Classification of the Mediterranean lowland to submontane pine forest vegetation

Bonari, Gianmaria; Fernández‐González, Federico; Çoban, Süleyman; Monteiro‐Henriques, Tiago; Bergmeier, Erwin; Didukh, Yakiv; Xystrakis, Fotios; Angiolini, Claudia; Chytrý, Kryštof; Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario; Agrillo, Emiliano; Costa, José Carlos; Danihelka, Jiří; Hennekens, S.M.; Kavgacı, Ali; Knollová, Ilona; Neto, Carlos; Sağlam, Coşkun; Škvorc, Željko; Tichý, Lubomír; Chytrý, Milan

doi:10.1111/avsc.12544

Cited by 38 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(117 reference statements)

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“…Because of these similarities, these forests were previously included in Cisto ‐ Lavanduletea (Brullo et al, 2002). However, the physiognomic difference (forest vs shrubland) suggests a classification of these forests within the alliance Pinion pineae under Pinetalia halepensis of the class Pinetea halepensis (Feinbrun, 1959; Mucina et al, 2016; Sarmati et al, 2019; Bonari et al, 2021). These communities are also distinguished from garrigues by the presence of other tree species, such as Pinus brutia , Quercus coccifera and Quercus pubescens (Appendix S2‐2b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, Pesaresi et al (2017) emphasized that classification into Quercetalia ilicis does not discriminate Mediterranean needle‐leaved forests from the evergreen sclerophyllous and deciduous Mediterranean vegetation and described the independent order Pinetalia halepensis . Bonari et al (2021) included this order in the new class Pinetea halepensis . Pinus brutia forests in Mediterranean Turkey were classified in two alliances with different elevational distributions (Bonari et al, 2021): Styraco officinalis ‐ Pinion brutiae (Appendix S2‐7a) in the highlands and Pinion brutiae (Appendix S2‐7b) at lower elevations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bonari et al (2021) included this order in the new class Pinetea halepensis . Pinus brutia forests in Mediterranean Turkey were classified in two alliances with different elevational distributions (Bonari et al, 2021): Styraco officinalis ‐ Pinion brutiae (Appendix S2‐7a) in the highlands and Pinion brutiae (Appendix S2‐7b) at lower elevations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kavgacı (2a,3,4a,5,6,7a,7b,8,9,10,12,16,17,18), E. Örtel (2b), Ü. Akkemik (4b), Y.S. Bostancı ( 14) Pinus brutia and Pinus pinea forests were separated within the new class Pinetea halepensis (Bonari et al, 2021). Our results show that macchia and sclerophyllous forests in Turkey can be divided into four groups corresponding to four alliances classified within three orders.…”

Section: Macchia and Sclerophyllous Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey

Kavgacı

Balpinar

Öner

et al. 2021

Applied Vegetation Science

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Questions What are the main vegetation types of forest and shrubland vegetation at the alliance level in Mediterranean Turkey? What is their syntaxonomical position? Can we integrate them into the European vegetation classification system? Which environmental factors are the main drivers of the floristic differentiation of vegetation types? Location Southern and western Turkey. Methods We collected 4,717 vegetation plots of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey and performed an unsupervised classification of this data set. We described vegetation types based on the classification results, expert knowledge and information from the literature. We defined diagnostic species and prepared distribution maps for each vegetation type. To support the interpretation of the vegetation types, we determined the most important environmental variables using canonical correspondence analysis. Results The studied vegetation was divided into 21 types related to three vegetation belts: (a) thermo‐ and meso‐mediterranean, comprising coniferous (Pinus brutia, Pinus pinea) and sclerophyllous forests, as well as macchia, garrigue and phrygana; (b) supra‐mediterranean, comprising Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana forests, thermophilous deciduous forests dominated by various oak species and Ostrya carpinifolia, and forests dominated by temperate species such as Fagus orientalis; and (c) oro‐mediterranean, comprising forests and shrublands dominated by Abies cilicica, Cedrus libani, Juniperus excelsa and Juniperus communis subsp. nana. Elevation was identified as the main environmental driver of the vegetation pattern. Among climatic variables, the most important are the mean temperatures (annual and of driest, coldest, and warmest quarters), minimum temperature of winter, precipitation of warmest and driest quarters and precipitation seasonality. These factors indicate the decreasing effect of the Mediterranean climate with increasing elevation. Conclusions The vegetation of Mediterranean Turkey is arranged along climatic gradients depending on elevation and the distance from the Mediterranean Sea. Most vegetation types in this area correspond to the syntaxa accepted in EuroVegChecklist, while others were described as new.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Macchia and Sclerophyllous Forestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Classification of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey

Kavgacı

Balpinar

Öner

et al. 2021

Applied Vegetation Science

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“…Since Mediterranean Botany, the seamless continuation of Lazaroa has a registered ISSN code, we publish (and/or validate) those ineffectively published syntaxa and some new names, here. Two of the syntaxa originally described in Meddour et al (2017), namely the Genisto quadriflorae-Pinetum halepensis and the Smilaco asperae-Pistacietum lentisci have been either validly described or been validated by Bonari et al (2021) and Paradis & Maurin (2017), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of associations, alliances and orders of the Algerian forest and scrub vegetation

Meddour

Mucina

2021

Mediterr. botany

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Identifying typical and early warning species by the combination of functional-based diagnostic species and dark diversity

Fratte

Caccianiga

Ricotta³

et al. 2022

Biodivers Conserv

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The European Union Habitats Directive requires the identification of typical species that reflect the structure and functions of habitat types, as well as early changes in the habitat condition, but no common methods are available for their selection. Diagnostic species with high fidelity to a specific group of plots are identified by traditional methods, but their value as typical species is still debated. We designed a protocol for the identification of typical plant species based on a recently proposed method to detect diagnostic species by combining abundances and functional traits. We tested the method on a set of alpine habitat subtypes, comparing diagnostic species based on traits or Grime’s CSR strategies (competitive, stress-tolerant, ruderal) with those based on presence/absence or abundance only, and then we calculated for each species the dark diversity probability—i.e. probability of being absent from a habitat type with suitable ecological conditions. Functional-based methods allowed to recognize larger sets of exclusive species, adding dominant species linked to the structure and functions of habitat subtypes (i.e. to the functional centroid). Dark diversity probability was equally distributed between diagnostic and non-diagnostic species identified by functional-based methods. Species with higher dark diversity probability among those associated with the functional centroid can be considered as early warning indicators of changes in habitat conditions. The protocol proposed here enables species ranking on measurable variables (functional association, dark diversity probability) and can be applied as a standardized tool for the identification of typical plant species for habitat types dominated by plants.

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Classification of the Mediterranean lowland to submontane pine forest vegetation

Cited by 38 publications

References 87 publications

Classification of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey

Classification of forest and shrubland vegetation in Mediterranean Turkey

Validation of associations, alliances and orders of the Algerian forest and scrub vegetation

Identifying typical and early warning species by the combination of functional-based diagnostic species and dark diversity

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