Classification of response patterns in cochlear nucleus of barn owl: correlation with functional response properties

Sullivan, W. E.

doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.1.201

Cited by 55 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…These areas have been well described both anatomically and physiologically in chicks and owls (Carr and Konishi 1988;Koppl 1997Koppl , 2001Koppl and Carr 2003;Parks and Rubel 1978;Rubel and Parks 1975;Sachs and Sinnott 1978;Sullivan 1985;Takahashi and Konishi 1988;Warchol and Dallos 1990). One study examined the frequency tuning found in NM and NA of a songbird, the red-winged blackbird (Sachs and Sinnott 1978).…”

Section: Comparison With Tuning Properties Of Cochlear Nucleus Neuronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Properties of Single Neurons in the Zebra Finch Auditory Midbrain: Response Patterns, Frequency Coding, Intensity Coding, and Spike Latencies

Woolley

Casseday

2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Woolley, Sarah M. N. and John H. Casseday. Response properties of single neurons in the zebra finch auditory midbrain: response patterns, frequency coding, intensity coding, and spike latencies. J Neurophysiol 91: 136 -151, 2004. First published October 1, 2003 10.1152/jn.00633.2003. The avian mesencephalicus lateralis, dorsalis (MLd) is the auditory midbrain nucleus in which multiple parallel inputs from lower brain stem converge and through which most auditory information passes to reach the forebrain. Auditory processing in the MLd has not been investigated in songbirds. We studied the tuning properties of single MLd neurons in adult male zebra finches. Pure tones were used to examine tonotopy, temporal response patterns, frequency coding, intensity coding, spike latencies, and duration tuning. Most neurons had no spontaneous activity. The tonotopy of MLd is like that of other birds and mammals; characteristic frequencies (CFs) increase in a dorsal to ventral direction. Four major response patterns were found: 1) onset (49% of cells); 2) primary-like (20%); 3) sustained (19%); and 4) primary-like with notch (12%). CFs ranged between 0.9 and 6.1 kHz, matching the zebra finch hearing range and the power spectrum of song. Tuning curves were generally V-shaped, but complex curves, with multiple peaks or noncontiguous excitatory regions, were observed in 22% of cells. Rate-level functions indicated that 51% of nononset cells showed monotonic relationships between spike rate and sound level. Other cells showed low saturation or nonmonotonic responses. Spike latencies ranged from 4 to 40 ms, measured at CF. Spike latencies generally decreased with increasing sound pressure level (SPL), although paradoxical latency shifts were observed in 16% of units. For onset cells, changes in SPL produced smaller latency changes than for cells showing other response types. Results suggest that auditory midbrain neurons may be particularly suited for processing temporally complex signals with a high degree of precision. I N T R O D U C T I O NAcoustic communication is common among vertebrates. Birds produce calls to solicit contact and communicate distress. Male birds also produce songs to attract females and for male-male interactions. Song is particularly interesting because it is acoustically complex and must be learned by imitation; young males copy the mature songs of older males. Although the exact song must be copied, acoustic preferences for conspecific song guide what song material is learned (Adret 1993; Dooling and Searcy 1980; Eales 1987;Marler 1970;Marler and Peters 1977; ten Cate 1991). This preference is evident even in acoustically naïve birds (Braaten and Reynolds 1999) and is often referred to as the "innate auditory preference" (see Marler 1997). Because the behavioral acoustic preferences that guide song learning appear to exist independent of experience, such preferences must to some extent reflect the inherent acoustic tuning properties of neurons in the songbird auditory system.The locus of neurons that ...

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Section: Comparison With Tuning Properties Of Cochlear Nucleus Neuronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response Properties of Single Neurons in the Zebra Finch Auditory Midbrain: Response Patterns, Frequency Coding, Intensity Coding, and Spike Latencies

Woolley

Casseday

2004

Journal of Neurophysiology

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“…Lower frequency regions had lower cell packing density. Although the resident cells exhibit varied morphology, their response to CF tone stimulation was almost exclusively the "transient chopper" pattern with very regular spike discharges [197]. These units typically have low SRs, large dynamic ranges characterized by progressive increases in spike discharges with increasing stimulus intensities and high-saturation levels, and little or no tendency to respond in phase to a sinusoid [198,214].…”

Section: Cellular Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cells exhibit large round-to-oval cell bodies with many short somatic spines; in hatchling chickens, 40% of NM neurons have a single rudimentary dendrite [40]. In response to CF tones, NM neurons show "primary-like" poststimulus time histograms (PSTHs) and have irregular spike discharge patterns and high rates of spontaneous activity [92,181,197,214]. Importantly, however, these neurons discharge in a phase-locked manner to the auditory stimulus, preserving time cues necessary for azimuthal location of the sound source [113].…”

Section: Cellular Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary innervation of the avian and mammalian cochlear nucleus

Ryugo¹,

Parks²

2003

Brain Research Bulletin

115

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The auditory nerve of birds and mammals exhibits differences and similarities, but given the millions of years since the two classes diverged from a common ancestor, the similarities are much more impressive than the differences. The avian nerve is simpler than that of mammals, but share many fundamental features including principles of development, structure, and physiological properties. Moreover, the available evidence shows that the human auditory nerve follows this same general organizational plan. Equally impressive are reports that homologous genes in worms, flies, and mice exert the same heredity influences in man. The clear implication is that animal studies will produce knowledge that has a direct bearing on the human condition.

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“…As with all lemniscal auditory structures (primary ascending auditory pathway), these structures are tonotopically arranged. Low frequency sounds may be coded by a firing pattern that approximates the frequency of the acoustic signal, phaselocking, while higher frequencies are coded spatially (Sullivan, 1985;Rhode and Smith, 1986a;Rhode and Smith, 1986b;Pollak et al, 2002). Response properties of many neurons code both the fine structure and the envelope of communication signals and environmental sounds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory neurotransmission, plasticity and aging in the mammalian central auditory system

Caspary

Ling

Turner

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

429

355

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SummaryAging and acoustic trauma may result in partial peripheral deafferentation in the central auditory pathway of the mammalian brain. In accord with homeostatic plasticity, loss of sensory input results in a change in pre-and postsynaptic GABAergic and glycinergic inhibitory neurotransmission. As seen in development, age-related changes may be activity dependent. Age-related presynaptic changes in the cochlear nucleus include reduced glycine levels, while in the auditory midbrain and cortex, GABA synthesis and release are altered. Presumably, in response to age-related decreases in presynaptic release of inhibitory neurotransmitters, there are age-related postsynaptic subunit changes in the composition of the glycine (GlyR) and GABA A (GABA A R) receptors. Age-related changes in the subunit makeup of inhibitory pentameric receptor constructs result in altered pharmacological and physiological responses consistent with a net down-regulation of functional inhibition. Age-related functional changes associated with glycine neurotransmission in dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) include altered intensity and temporal coding by DCN projection neurons. Loss of synaptic inhibition in the superior olivary complex (SOC) and the inferior colliculus (IC) likely affect the ability of aged animals to localize sounds in their natural environment. Age-related postsynaptic GABA A R changes in IC and primary auditory cortex (A1) involve changes in the subunit makeup of GABA A Rs. In turn, these changes cause age-related changes in the pharmacology and response properties of neurons in IC and A1 circuits, which collectively may affect temporal processing and response reliability. Findings of age-related inhibitory changes within mammalian auditory circuits are similar to age and deafferentation plasticity changes observed in other sensory systems. Although few studies have examined sensory aging in the wild, these age-related changes would likely compromise an animal's ability to avoid predation or to be a successful predator in their natural environment.Key words: aging, central auditory system, GABA A receptor, glycine receptor, inhibitory neurotransmission, plasticity. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 1782important in determining the location of sound, echolocation and extracting information from voiced and unvoiced communication signals (Carr et al., 1986;Portfors and Wenstrup, 2001).The complex processing that occurs at the level of the MGB and the A1 is beyond the scope of the present review. Coding in the auditory cortex has been recently reviewed (Wang, 2007;Rauschecker, 2005). As seen in the visual cortex, in the auditory cortex, acoustically complex hierarchical analysis has been described for awake-behaving primates (Rauschecker, 2005;Steinschneider et al., 2008). A1 has been shown to undergo agerelated plastic changes, including down-regulation of inhibitory coding, similar to that observed at lower levels of the auditory pathway and in visual cortex. Similar to age-related changes, activity-dependant changes have be...

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Classification of response patterns in cochlear nucleus of barn owl: correlation with functional response properties

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Response Properties of Single Neurons in the Zebra Finch Auditory Midbrain: Response Patterns, Frequency Coding, Intensity Coding, and Spike Latencies

Response Properties of Single Neurons in the Zebra Finch Auditory Midbrain: Response Patterns, Frequency Coding, Intensity Coding, and Spike Latencies

Primary innervation of the avian and mammalian cochlear nucleus

Inhibitory neurotransmission, plasticity and aging in the mammalian central auditory system

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