Classification of Nerve Injuries

Zuniga, John R.; Radwan, Alaaldin M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35539-4_2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…Two classification systems for peripheral nerve injuries have been developed by Seddon and Sunderland. 4 The system developed by Herbert Seddon, a British surgeon with extensive experience in the treatment of missile-induced nerve injuries to the extremities during and after World War II, considers clinical factors such as neurologic findings from an examination and progress, if any, since the time of the injury, and it includes guidelines for the timing of treatment. 5 Sunderland's classification is based on the histopathology of peripheral nerve injury and is most useful to neuroanatomists, neurophysiologists, and researchers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Many Oral Surgeons Does It Take to Classify a Nerve Injury?

Miloro

Zuniga

Meyer

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Many Oral Surgeons Does It Take to Classify a Nerve Injury?

Miloro

Zuniga

Meyer

2021

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

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“…The other grade of injury is axonotmesis that was first introduced by Seddon and it was further divided into three grades by Sunderland. The grade 2 damage (Sunderland division) indicates the damage in which axon and the myelin sheath become disconnected but connective tissues' continuity remain conserved 20. Thus, this leads to the denervation of targeted areas and causes the disturbance of sensory/motor function.…”

Section: Classification Of Peripheral Nerve Injuries and Their Conseqmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status of Therapeutic Approaches against Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Detailed Story from Injury to Recovery

Hussain¹,

Wang²,

Rasul³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

178

175

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Peripheral nerve injury is a complex condition with a variety of signs and symptoms such as numbness, tingling, jabbing, throbbing, burning or sharp pain. Peripheral nerves are fragile in nature and can easily get damaged due to acute compression or trauma which may lead to the sensory and motor functions deficits and even lifelong disability. After lesion, the neuronal cell body becomes disconnected from the axon's distal portion to the injury site leading to the axonal degeneration and dismantlement of neuromuscular junctions of targeted muscles. In spite of extensive research on this aspect, complete functional recovery still remains a challenge to be resolved. This review highlights detailed pathophysiological events after an injury to a peripheral nerve and the associated factors that can either hinder or promote the regenerative machinery. In addition, it throws light on the available therapeutic strategies including supporting therapies, surgical and non-surgical interventions to ameliorate the axonal regeneration, neuronal survival, and reinnervation of peripheral targets. Despite the availability of various treatment options, we are still lacking the optimal treatments for a perfect and complete functional regain. The need for the present age is to discover or design such potent compounds that would be able to execute the complete functional retrieval. In this regard, plant-derived compounds are getting more attention and several recent reports validate their remedial effects. A plethora of plants and plant-derived phytochemicals have been suggested with curative effects against a number of diseases in general and neuronal injury in particular. They can be a ray of hope for the suffering individuals.

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“…The Life 2021, 11, 1420 3 of 8 exact diagnosis between neuropraxia, axonotmesis or neurotmesis was not possible since no surgical intervention or biopsy took place (Tables 1-3). Moreover, the patient was diagnosed with Grade IV according to Sunderland's classification [12,21].…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation Therapy Applied after 6 Months for the Management of a Severe Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury

Mobadder

Nammour

Ortega³

et al. 2021

Life

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Despite its significant negative impact on the quality of life, the methods for the management of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injury are still limited. In this case report, the patient did not show any improvement from the day of the iatrogenic accident until 6 months. A significant improvement of the symptoms started to appear only at 6 months when PBMT was applied. A total of 42 sessions of PBMT took place. The application zone included intraoral and extraoral areas. The parameters were: Delivery power of 0.1 W, for 40 s, continuous wave (CW), contact mode, and delivered energy of 4 J. The delivered energy density related to the fiber diameter was 1415 J/cm2. Each treated point was considered to be 1 cm2 of diameter. At the end of the treatment, all of the symptoms disappeared except for an abnormal sensation on touching the mucosa and gingiva of the concerned area. No side effects were noted. This case report shows that PBMT can be a very promising approach for the management of severe cases that are not improving with conventional methods.

show abstract

Classification of Nerve Injuries

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

How Many Oral Surgeons Does It Take to Classify a Nerve Injury?

How Many Oral Surgeons Does It Take to Classify a Nerve Injury?

Current Status of Therapeutic Approaches against Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Detailed Story from Injury to Recovery

Photobiomodulation Therapy Applied after 6 Months for the Management of a Severe Inferior Alveolar Nerve Injury

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