“…The probability distribution of ordinal patterns (OP) implicitly captures information about the temporal structure of the time series and thus allows the extraction of several promising ordinal pattern-based indicators. These indicators are useful in a growing number of applications including biomedical signal and image processing [ 6 , 10 , 11 , 15 , 31 , 33 , 38 ], fault bearing diagnosis [ 30 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ], financial time series analysis [ 7 ] and engineering physics [ 18 , 35 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ].…”