Classification of Forest Areas by Spectrozonal Images Obtained from Onboard a Helicopter

Belyaev, B. I.; Belyaev, Yu. V.; Катковский, Л. В.; Kurikina, T. M.; Казак, А. А.; Shuplyak, V. I.

doi:10.1023/b:japs.0000032886.65564.d3

Cited by 3 publications

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“…We used spectrozonal aerial images of the study area from 2008 (Heurich et al ) to classify forest areas according to land‐cover type (Belyaev et al ). We classified land cover into 11 habitat classes (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection by a large herbivore at multiple spatial and temporal scales is primarily governed by food resources

et al. 2016

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Habitat selection can be considered as a hierarchical process in which animals satisfy their habitat requirements at different ecological scales. Theory predicts that spatial and temporal scales should co‐vary in most ecological processes and that the most limiting factors should drive habitat selection at coarse ecological scales, but be less influential at finer scales. Using detailed location data on roe deer Capreolus capreolus inhabiting the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany, we investigated habitat selection at several spatial and temporal scales. We tested 1) whether time‐varying patterns were governed by factors reported as having the largest effects on fitness, 2) whether the trade‐off between forage and predation risks differed among spatial and temporal scales and 3) if spatial and temporal scales are positively associated. We analysed the variation in habitat selection within the landscape and within home ranges at monthly intervals, with respect to land‐cover type and proxys of food and cover over seasonal and diurnal temporal scales. The fine‐scale temporal variation follows a nycthemeral cycle linked to diurnal variation in human disturbance. The large‐scale variation matches seasonal plant phenology, suggesting food resources being a greater limiting factor than lynx predation risk. The trade‐off between selection for food and cover was similar on seasonal and diurnal scale. Habitat selection at the different scales may be the consequence of the temporal variation and predictability of the limiting factors as much as its association with fitness. The landscape of fear might have less importance at the studied scale of habitat selection than generally accepted because of the predator hunting strategy. Finally, seasonal variation in habitat selection was similar at the large and small spatial scales, which may arise because of the marked philopatry of roe deer. The difference is supposed to be greater for wider ranging herbivores.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat selection by a large herbivore at multiple spatial and temporal scales is primarily governed by food resources

et al. 2016

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“…Multispectral aerial images of the study area from 2008 [ 50 ] were used to classify forest areas according to their land cover [ 51 ], which was grouped into 11 classes (see Table 1 ). Images with a resolution of 0.4 m were used to isolate vegetation against the background of other underlying surfaces, different kinds of vegetation, and different stages of vegetation of the same species [ 52 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holling meets habitat selection: functional response of large herbivores revisited

et al. 2021

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Background Holling (Can Entomol 91(5):293–320, 1959) was the first to describe a functional response between a predator’s consumption-rate and the density of its prey. The same concept can be applied to the habitat selection of herbivores, specifically, the change in relative habitat use with the change in habitat availability. Functional responses in habitat selection at a home-range scale have been reported for several large herbivores. However, a link to Holling’s original functional response types has never been drawn, although it could replace the current phenomenological view with a more mechanistically based understanding of functional responses. Methods In this study, discrete choice models were implemented as mixed-effects baseline-category logit models to analyze the variation in habitat selection of a large herbivore at seasonal and diurnal scales. Thus, changes in the use of land cover types with respect to their availability were investigated by monitoring 11 land cover types commonly used by roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. Functional response curves were then fitted using Holling’s formulas. Results Strong evidence of non-linear functional responses was obtained for almost all of the examined land cover types. The shape of the functional response curves varied depending on the season, the time of day, and in some cases between sexes. These responses could be referenced to Holling’s types, with a predominance of type II. Conclusions Our results indicate that Holling’s types can be applied to describe general patterns of the habitat selection behavior of herbivores. Functional responses in habitat selection may occur in situations requiring a trade-off in the selection of land cover types offering different resources, such as due to the temporally varying physiological needs of herbivores. Moreover, two associated parameters defining the curves (prey density and predation rate) can aid in the identification of temporal variations and in determinations of the strength of the cost-benefit ratio for a specific land cover type. Application of our novel approach, using Holling’s equations to describe functional responses in the habitat selection of herbivores, will allow the assignment of general land cover attraction values, independent of availability, thus facilitating the identification of suitable habitats.

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“…Multispectral aerial images of the study area from 2008 (45) were used to classify forest areas according to the land cover (46), which was grouped into 11 classes (see Table 1). Images with a resolution of 0.4 m were used to isolate vegetation against the background of other underlying surfaces, different kinds of vegetation and different stages of vegetation of the same species (47).…”

Section: Study Area and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Holling Meets Habitat Selection - Functional Response of Large Herbivores Revisited

Dupke

Peters

Morellet

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Holling (1959) was the first to describe a functional response between a predator’s consumption-rate and the density of its prey. The same concept may be applied to the habitat selection of herbivores, by considering the change in relative habitat use with the change in habitat availability. Functional responses in habitat selection at a home-range scale has been reported for several large herbivores. However, a link to Holling’s original functional response types has never been drawn despite its potential to understand availability dependence in habitat selection more profoundly. Methods: Discrete choice models were implemented as mixed-effects baseline-category logit models to analyze the variation in habitat selection of a large herbivore over seasonal and diurnal scales. Specifically, changes in habitat use with respect to habitat availability were investigated by monitoring 11 habitat types commonly used by roe deer ( Capreolus capreolus ) in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany. Functional response curves were then fitted using Holling’s formulas. Results: Strong evidence of non-linear functional responses was obtained for almost all of the examined habitat types. The shape of the functional response curves varied depending on the season, time of day and in some cases between sexes. These responses could be referenced to Holling’s types, with a predominance of type II.Conclusions: Our results indicate that Holling’s types could be applied to describe general patterns in habitat selection behaviour of herbivores. Functional response in habitat selection may occur in situations of trade-off in the selection of habitats offering different resources, due to temporally varying physiological needs of herbivores. Moreover, the two associated parameters defining the curves helps to identify the temporal variations and clarify how strongly the cost-to-benefit ratio is pronounced for a specific habitat. The presented novel approach of using Holling’s equations to describe functional response in habitat selection of herbivores could be used for assigning general habitat attraction values, independent of habitat availability, which might facilitate the identification of suitable habitats.

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Classification of Forest Areas by Spectrozonal Images Obtained from Onboard a Helicopter

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Habitat selection by a large herbivore at multiple spatial and temporal scales is primarily governed by food resources

Habitat selection by a large herbivore at multiple spatial and temporal scales is primarily governed by food resources

Holling meets habitat selection: functional response of large herbivores revisited

Holling Meets Habitat Selection - Functional Response of Large Herbivores Revisited

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