Classification and Volume for Hyperspectral Endmember Extraction

The National Protection War and the Intellectual Foundations of Chinese Warlordism

“…In 1919, for instance, Yan Xishan 阎锡山 (1883–1960), a Shikan Gakkō graduate who dictatorially ruled Shanxi from 1911 to 1949, issued a small book entitled Education for Peasants 农民教育 that drew on many ideas originally brought forward by Liang Qichao, Cai E, and others. With the help of this book, the Shanxi peasantry were “to be turned into a good state-people 好国民” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 敘言, 1), and in chapter six of the book, which was dedicated to the nation-state, Yan invoked a supposedly indisputable need for national unity (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 56) before declaring that to become a soldier and to pay taxes were the two most important expressions of concern for one’s homeland, as “these [two obligations] are the duties of a state-people 国民的义务” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 57). The chapter closed with a stern reminder to “respect the military man” 尊重军人 for his services: “The military man is the man who protects the nation-state and the people” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 75–76).…”

“…With the help of this book, the Shanxi peasantry were “to be turned into a good state-people 好国民” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 敘言, 1), and in chapter six of the book, which was dedicated to the nation-state, Yan invoked a supposedly indisputable need for national unity (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 56) before declaring that to become a soldier and to pay taxes were the two most important expressions of concern for one’s homeland, as “these [two obligations] are the duties of a state-people 国民的义务” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 57). The chapter closed with a stern reminder to “respect the military man” 尊重军人 for his services: “The military man is the man who protects the nation-state and the people” (Yan, 1944 [1919]: 75–76). Clearly, the professional soldier (and that included Yan Xishan as well) continued to be ascribed a sociopolitical role of outstanding importance, both as a protector of the unitary state and teacher of the common people.…”