Classification and possible bacterial infection in outpatients with eczema and dermatitis in China

Wang, Xin; Shi, Xiaodong; Li, Linfeng; Zhou, Ping; YiWei, Shen

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000007955

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A previous study from our institute has demonstrated that the clinical diagnosis was highly correlated with the laboratory bacterial culture results; S. aureus was isolated in 92.9% of eczema patients who were diagnosed with very likely bacterial infection [16]. No laboratory test was performed to make the diagnosis [17,18].…”

Section: Data Collection and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors in Outpatients with Dermatitis and Eczema in Tertiary Hospitals of China Who Have Clinically Suspected Bacterial Infection

2020

BioMed Research International

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Skin bacterial infections are often observed in eczema patients, but the risk factors are not fully understood. The current study evaluated the prevalence of clinically suspected bacterial infection and its associated risk factors. Moreover, we investigated the practice of skin infection diagnosis in China. A hospital-based, multicenter, cross-sectional epidemiologic survey of bacterial infection was performed in a total of 6208 outpatients diagnosed with dermatitis and eczema from 39 tertiary hospitals of 15 provinces and municipalities in China. All patients completed a specific questionnaire regarding their demographic characteristics, disease duration, distribution of lesions, severity of itching, and medical history. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate risk factors associated with bacterial infection in patients with different types of eczema. The prevalence of clinically suspected bacterial infection was 47.0% in patients with eczema. Compared to atopic dermatitis, widespread eczema ( OR = 1.50 , P < 0.001 ) and other eczema ( OR = 1.42 , P < 0.001 ) were more likely to suffer bacterial infection. The itching grade was positively associated with the infection ( OR = 2.11 , 7.04, and 12.3 in patients with mild, moderate, and severe itching, respectively; P < 0.001 ). Lesion distribution in the cubital fossa, popliteal fossa, ear, shoulder and back, axillary, foot, and pudendum was positively associated with bacterial infection (all OR > 1.0 , P < 0.05 ). In contrast, the face and abdomen were reversely associated with bacterial infection ( OR < 1.0 , P < 0.005 ). History of asthma, allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, infantile eczema, and flexion dermatitis was positively associated with bacterial infection (all OR > 1.0 , P < 0.005 ), while the history of dry skin was reversely associated with bacterial infection ( OR = 0.76 , 95% CI: 0.64-0.90; P = 0.002 ). Patients with eczema were easily infected with bacteria. Widespread eczema and other eczema were more likely to have bacterial infection than atopic dermatitis. The high rate of infection may attribute to the lack of corresponding bacterial detection, suggesting the need of guideline development in China to prevent overuse of topical antibiotics.

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Section: Data Collection and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors in Outpatients with Dermatitis and Eczema in Tertiary Hospitals of China Who Have Clinically Suspected Bacterial Infection

2020

BioMed Research International

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“…In 2014, a crosssectional study in China reported that 52.3% of AD patients of all ages had secondary bacterial infection. 6 This study analyzed the relationship between risk factors and the incidence of secondary bacterial infections in AD. The risk factors examined were individual/familial history of atopy, dry skin, and involvement of the flexor area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If left untreated, it can lead to several systemic infections such as osteomyelitis, septicemia, and endocarditis. 5,6,7 The risk factors for secondary bacterial infection in AD have not been determined. Research in China reported the risk factors associated with the incidence of secondary bacterial infection in AD patients: history of allergies, history of AD in infancy, and involvement of the flexor area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Retrospective Study: Risk Factor Analysis of Secondary Bacterial Infection in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Sari

Sawitri

Listiawan

et al. 2021

BIKK

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Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a complex multifactorial disease that includes defects in skin architecture, immune dysregulation, and changes of skin flora, and it predominantly occurs in infancy and childhood. The defects in skin barrier structures are mentioned as one of the factors that facilitates bacterial colonization. Bacterial infection in AD can worsen the inflammation. It requires treatment with antibiotics, which takes longer therapy time, higher costs, and ultimately affects the patient’s quality of life and his/her family members. Purpose: To find out the epidemiology, diagnosis, management of AD, and analyze the risk factors of secondary bacterial infection in new AD patients at the Pediatric Dermatology Division, Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective study with a total sampling method. The research data were medical records of new AD patients at the Pediatric Dermatology Division, Dermatovenereology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from January 2012 to December 2018. Result: There were 404 new patients with AD at the Pediatric Dermatology Division from January 2012 to December 2018, and 210 of them were accompanied by secondary bacterial infection. There was a correlation between a history of dry skin (p=0.000) with the incidence of secondary bacterial infection in AD patients. Conclusion: In this study, AD patients with a history of dry skin had a risk of complication such as bacterial secondary infection.

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“…Irritation of hands can even lead to the triggering of other dermatoses [5]. Due to the appearance of fissures and irritated eczematous areas, the threat of secondary bacterial infection becomes a concern [6].…”

Section: Sirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irritant hand dermatitis during the COVID-19 outbreak

Faghihi¹,

Radan²,

Radan³

2020

Our Dermatol Online

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Classification and possible bacterial infection in outpatients with eczema and dermatitis in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Risk Factors in Outpatients with Dermatitis and Eczema in Tertiary Hospitals of China Who Have Clinically Suspected Bacterial Infection

Risk Factors in Outpatients with Dermatitis and Eczema in Tertiary Hospitals of China Who Have Clinically Suspected Bacterial Infection

A Retrospective Study: Risk Factor Analysis of Secondary Bacterial Infection in Pediatric Atopic Dermatitis Patients

Irritant hand dermatitis during the COVID-19 outbreak

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