Classification and Characteristics of Pain Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

Blood, Marcelo Rezende Young; Ferro, Marcelo Machado; Munhoz, Renato P.; Teive, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni; Camargo, Carlos Henrique Ferreira

doi:10.1155/2016/6067132

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(126 reference statements)

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“…Small sample sizes are confounded by considerable variability of pain characteristics across those studies cited, including primary central pain, musculoskeletal pain with dystonia, mixed non-dystonic, or undescribed pain. The inconsistent classification of pain is likely due to a previous lack of consensus regarding the appropriate assessment and classification of pain in PD 97 .…”

Section: Psychophysical Testing In People With Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards optimising experimental quantification of persistent pain in Parkinson’s disease using psychophysical testing

Bannister

Smith

Wilkins

et al. 2021

npj Parkinsons Dis.

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People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may live for multiple decades after diagnosis. Ensuring that effective healthcare provision is received across the range of symptoms experienced is vital to the individual’s wellbeing and quality of life. As well as the hallmark motor symptoms, PD patients may also suffer from non-motor symptoms including persistent pain. This type of pain (lasting more than 3 months) is inconsistently described and poorly understood, resulting in limited treatment options. Evidence-based pain remedies are coming to the fore but therapeutic strategies that offer an improved analgesic profile remain an unmet clinical need. Since the ability to establish a link between the neurodegenerative changes that underlie PD and those that underlie maladaptive pain processing leading to persistent pain could illuminate mechanisms or risk factors of disease initiation, progression and maintenance, we evaluated the latest research literature seeking to identify causal factors underlying persistent pain in PD through experimental quantification. The majority of previous studies aimed to identify neurobiological alterations that could provide a biomarker for pain/pain phenotype, in PD cohorts. However heterogeneity of patient cohorts, result outcomes and methodology between human psychophysics studies overwhelmingly leads to inconclusive and equivocal evidence. Here we discuss refinement of pain-PD paradigms in order that future studies may enhance confidence in the validity of observed effect sizes while also aiding comparability through standardisation. Encouragingly, as the field moves towards cross-study comparison of data in order to more reliably reveal mechanisms underlying dysfunctional pain processing, the potential for better-targeted treatment and management is high.

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Section: Psychophysical Testing In People With Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards optimising experimental quantification of persistent pain in Parkinson’s disease using psychophysical testing

Bannister

Smith

Wilkins

et al. 2021

npj Parkinsons Dis.

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“…In addition, the reward circuitry is probably involved in the transition from acute to chronic pain, which might occur through a functional rearrangement of its main components ( L’vov et al, 1989 ). Furthermore, comorbidity exists between persistent pain and diseases that are accompanied by altered dopaminergic function such as major depression, drug addiction ( Jarcho et al, 2012 ) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) ( Skogar and Lokk, 2016 ; Young Blood et al, 2016 ). In those conditions, chronic pain correlates to structural and functional changes in pain-related areas, such as PFC, cingulate cortex (CC), and insula.…”

Section: Pain and Mental Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reward Circuitry Plasticity in Pain Perception and Modulation

2017

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Although pain is a widely known phenomenon and an important clinical symptom that occurs in numerous diseases, its mechanisms are still barely understood. Owing to the scarce information concerning its pathophysiology, particularly what is involved in the transition from an acute state to a chronic condition, pain treatment is frequently unsatisfactory, therefore contributing to the amplification of the chronic pain burden. In fact, pain is an extremely complex experience that demands the recruitment of an intricate set of central nervous system components. This includes cortical and subcortical areas involved in interpretation of the general characteristics of noxious stimuli. It also comprises neural circuits that process the motivational-affective dimension of pain. Hence, the reward circuitry represents a vital element for pain experience and modulation. This review article focuses on the interpretation of the extensive data available connecting the major components of the reward circuitry to pain suffering, including the nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area, and the medial prefrontal cortex; with especial attention dedicated to the evaluation of neuroplastic changes affecting these structures found in chronic pain syndromes, such as migraine, trigeminal neuropathic pain, chronic back pain, and fibromyalgia.

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“… 1–5 Chronic pain is also commonly reported by this population compared to age-matched non-PD peers 6–9 with pain being a significant source of disability that often precedes motor symptoms. 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain Severity and Interference in Different Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Phenotypes

Cruz-Almeida

Crowley

Tanner

et al. 2020

JPR

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Introduction: Chronic pain is prevalent in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with many individuals also experiencing cognitive deficits negatively impacting everyday life. Methods: In this study, we examine differences in pain severity and interference between 113 nondemented individuals with idiopathic PD who were statistically classified as having low executive function (n=24), low memory function (n=35), no cognitive deficits (n=54). The individuals with PD were also compared to matched non-PD controls (n=64). Results: PD participants with low executive function reported significantly higher pain interference (p<0.05), despite reporting similar pain severity levels compared to other phenotypes. These differences remained statistically significant, even after accounting for important confounders such as anxiety and depression (p<0.05). Discussion: Pain interference in those with lower executive function may represent a target for psychosocial interventions for individuals with pain and PD.

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Classification and Characteristics of Pain Associated with Parkinson’s Disease

Cited by 16 publications

References 81 publications

Towards optimising experimental quantification of persistent pain in Parkinson’s disease using psychophysical testing

Towards optimising experimental quantification of persistent pain in Parkinson’s disease using psychophysical testing

Reward Circuitry Plasticity in Pain Perception and Modulation

Pain Severity and Interference in Different Parkinson’s Disease Cognitive Phenotypes

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