Classical emulation of a quantum computer

Cour, Brian R. La; Ostrove, Corey; Ott, G.; Starkey, Michael; Wilson, Gary R.

doi:10.1142/s0219749916400049

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…This section shows an example bridging quantum and analog computing in showing an analog circuit model for quantum qubit computation (Figure 8). Quantum computing has been argued that could be performed through analog computing [44][45][46], have hypothesized parallels with op-amp circuits [47], that Z-valued algorithms cannot fully simulate a quantum computer [48], and an initial demonstration through a discrete benchtop analog circuit for a small quantum system (q-bits) utilizing sinusoidal input and output signals [49][50][51]. Typical quantum computing tends to be performed using fixed devices, such as qubits, and assume that the computation is instantaneous, effectively reaching its steady-state rapidly in the measurement timescales.…”

Section: Connecting Quantum Computing and Analog Computing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Computing: Unifying Real Number Computation to Enable Energy Efficient Computing

Hasler

Black

2021

JLPEA

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Physical computing unifies real value computing including analog, neuromorphic, optical, and quantum computing. Many real-valued techniques show improvements in energy efficiency, enable smaller area per computation, and potentially improve algorithm scaling. These physical computing techniques suffer from not having a strong computational theory to guide application development in contrast to digital computation’s deep theoretical grounding in application development. We consider the possibility of a real-valued Turing machine model, the potential computational and algorithmic opportunities of these techniques, the implications for implementation applications, and the computational complexity space arising from this model. These techniques have shown promise in increasing energy efficiency, enabling smaller area per computation, and potentially improving algorithm scaling.

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Section: Connecting Quantum Computing and Analog Computing Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Computing: Unifying Real Number Computation to Enable Energy Efficient Computing

Hasler

Black

2021

JLPEA

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“…The details of the hardware are described elsewhere [21]. Two of the five encoding qubits were represented in the frequency domain using signals with four narrowband tonals at ±1000 Hz and ±3000 Hz.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a separate work, for example, we have shown how this mathematical connection can be leveraged to incorporate techniques developed for QEC to solve problems in digital wireless communications [20]. A prototype quantum emulation device (QED) that utilizes this embedding and physically performs the operations described in hardware has been developed and tested [21]. A natural question to ask given this device is whether it is possible to utilize techniques from QEC to enhance the performance of what is otherwise a purely classical analog device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving performance of an analog electronic device using quantum error correction

et al. 2019

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The use of analog classical systems for computation is generally thought to be a difficult proposition due to the susceptibility of these devices to noise and the lack of a clear framework for achieving faulttolerance. We present experimental results for the application of quantum error correction (QEC) techniques to a prototype analog computational device called a quantum emulation device. It is shown that for the gates tested (transversal Z, X and SH) there is a marked improvement in the performance characteristics of the gate operations following error correction using the 5-Qubit Perfect code. In the case of the Z gate, the median fidelity improved from 0.995 to 0.999 98, a reduction in the gate error by over two orders of magnitude. Other transverse gates similarly show strong improvements.

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“…Each such projection may be formed from two single-qubit projections in a manner described above and will result in a set of three signals such that (16) and corresponding to the signal decomposition…”

Section: A Projectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior work has demonstrated that analog electronic signal processing can indeed provide a mathematically equivalent representation of a quantum computer and, therefore, provide an alternative physical implementation [15], [16]. This approach to quantum emulation uses the frequency domain of a signal to encode information, and approach we shall call frequency-based encoding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Quantum Computing Emulation

Cour

Lanham

Ostrove

2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC)

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Quantum computers provide a fundamentally new computing paradigm that promises to revolutionize our ability to solve broad classes of problems. Surprisingly, the basic mathematical structures of gate-based quantum computing, such as unitary operations on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, are not unique to quantum systems but may be found in certain classical systems as well.Previously, it has been shown that one can represent an arbitrary multi-qubit quantum state in terms of classical analog signals using nested quadrature amplitude modulated signals. Furthermore, using digitally controlled analog electronics one may manipulate these signals to perform quantum gate operations and thereby execute quantum algorithms. The computational capacity of a single signal is, however, limited by the required bandwidth, which scales exponentially with the number of qubits when represented using frequency-based encoding.To overcome this limitation, we introduce a method to extend this approach to multiple parallel signals. Doing so allows a larger quantum state to be emulated with the same gate time required for processing frequency-encoded signals. In the proposed representation, each doubling of the number of signals corresponds to an additional qubit in the spatial domain. Single quit gate operations are similarly extended so as to operate on qubits represented using either frequency-based or spatial encoding schemes. Furthermore, we describe a method to perform gate operations between pairs of qubits represented using frequency or spatial encoding or between frequency-based and spatially encoded qubits. Finally, we describe how this approach may be extended to represent qubits in the time domain as well.arXiv:1908.06445v1 [quant-ph]

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Classical emulation of a quantum computer

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Physical Computing: Unifying Real Number Computation to Enable Energy Efficient Computing

Physical Computing: Unifying Real Number Computation to Enable Energy Efficient Computing

Improving performance of an analog electronic device using quantum error correction

Parallel Quantum Computing Emulation

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