Classical and Relativistic Orbital Motions around a Mass-Varying Body

Iorio, Lorenzo

doi:10.3814/2010/261249

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…For the sake of simplicity, we adopted e = I = 0 as initial values for the eccentricity and the inclination of the test particle, along with Kx = Ky = 0. According to equations ( 4)-( 20), the only non-vanishing secular change occurs for the semimajor axis, as per equation (11). Thus, the distance r from the primary should experience a steady, cumulative increase.…”

Section: Numerical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Concerning standard general relativity, actually there are two effects that, at the 1PN level, can in principle change both a and e: the temporal variation of the masses entering the gravitational parameter µ . = GM of the two-body system [10,11], and the cosmological expansion [12,13]. Nonetheless, being proportional to μ [11] for the specific system considered and to the Hubble parameter H [12,13], they do not contain any free parameter: their magnitude is completely negligible in any realistic astronomical scenario of interest.…”

Section: Analytical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…= GM of the two-body system [10,11], and the cosmological expansion [12,13]. Nonetheless, being proportional to μ [11] for the specific system considered and to the Hubble parameter H [12,13], they do not contain any free parameter: their magnitude is completely negligible in any realistic astronomical scenario of interest.…”

Section: Analytical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In equation (1), which corresponds to equation (55) of [1] and to equation (11) of [2], c is the speed of light in vacuum, m is the mass of the test particle as defined in multipolar schemes within the general relativistic framework, δ α β is the four-dimensional Kronecker delta, v α is the 4-velocity of the test particle, the 'charge' ξ is an integrated quantity depending on the matter distribution of the system, K α .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified theories of gravity with nonminimal coupling and orbital particle dynamics

Iorio

2014

Class. Quantum Grav.

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We consider a non-rotating, massive test particle acted upon by a "pressure"-type, non-geodesic acceleration arising from a certain general class of gravitational theories with nonminimal coupling between the matter and the metric. The resulting orbital perturbations for a two-body system are investigated both analytically and numerically. Remarkably, a secular increase of the two-body relative distance occurs. In principle, it may yield a physical mechanism for the steady recession of the Earth from the Sun recently proposed to explain the Faint Young Sun Paradox in the Archean eon. At present, the theorists have not yet derived explicit expressions for some of the key parameters of the model, such as the integrated "charge" ξ, depending on the matter distribution of the system, and the 4-vector K µ = {K 0 , K} connected with the nonminimal function F . Thus, we phenomenologically treat them as free parameters, and preliminarily infer some indications on their admissible values according to the most recent Solar System's planetary ephemerides. From the latest determinations of the corrections ∆̟ to the standard perihelion precessions, estimated by the astronomers who produced the EPM2011 ephemerides without modeling the theory considered here, we preliminarily obtain |ξK| 0.1 kg s −1 for the Sun and Mars. From guesses on what could be the current bounds on the secular rates of change of the planetary semimajor axes, we get |ξK 0 | 1249 kg s −1 for Mars. More effective constraints could be posed by reprocessing the same planetary data sets with dedicated dynamical models including the effects studied here, and explicitly estimating the associated parameters. The Earth and the COBE and GP-B satellites yield |ξK| 2 × 10 −4 kg s −1 and |ξK 0 | 2 × 10 −10 kg s −1 , respectively.

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Section: Numerical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Analytical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analytical Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modified theories of gravity with nonminimal coupling and orbital particle dynamics

Iorio

2014

Class. Quantum Grav.

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“…(2.2.26) and Eq. (2.2.49) of [66], written for the case of the usual Newtonian monopole, it can be obtained [67] A GR = −3μ…”

Section: Isotropic Mass Loss Of the Sunmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Closer Earth and the Faint Young Sun Paradox: Modification of the Laws of Gravitation or Sun/Earth Mass Losses?

Iorio¹

2013

Galaxies

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Given a solar luminosity LAr = 0.75L0 at the beginning of the Archean 3.8 Ga ago, where L0 is the present-day one, if the heliocentric distance, r, of the Earth was rAr = 0.956r0, the solar irradiance would have been as large as IAr = 0.82I0. It would have allowed for a liquid ocean on the terrestrial surface, which, otherwise, would have been frozen, contrary to the empirical evidence. By further assuming that some physical mechanism subsequently displaced the Earth towards its current distance in such a way that the irradiance stayed substantially constant over the entire Archean from 3.8 to 2.5 Ga ago, a relative recession per year as large as r˙/r ≈3.4 × 10−11 a−1 would have been required. Although such a figure is roughly of the same order of magnitude of the value of the Hubble parameter 3.8 Ga ago HAr = 1.192H0 = 8.2 × 10−11 a−1, standard general relativity rules out cosmological explanations for the hypothesized Earth’s recession rate. Instead, a class of modified theories of gravitation with nonminimal coupling between the matter and the metric naturally predicts a secular variation of the relative distance of a localized two-body system, thus yielding a potentially viable candidate to explain the putative recession of the Earth’s orbit. Another competing mechanism of classical origin that could, in principle, allow for the desired effect is the mass loss, which either the Sun or the Earth itself may have experienced during the Archean. On the one hand, this implies that our planet should have lost 2% of its present mass in the form of eroded/evaporated hydrosphere. On the other hand, it is widely believed that the Sun could have lost mass at an enhanced rate, due to a stronger solar wind in the past for not more than ≈ 0.2–0.3 Ga

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Application of binary pulsars to axisymmetric bodies in the Elliptic R3BP

Singh

Umar

2013

Astrophys Space Sci

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Classical and Relativistic Orbital Motions around a Mass-Varying Body

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Modified theories of gravity with nonminimal coupling and orbital particle dynamics

Modified theories of gravity with nonminimal coupling and orbital particle dynamics

A Closer Earth and the Faint Young Sun Paradox: Modification of the Laws of Gravitation or Sun/Earth Mass Losses?

Application of binary pulsars to axisymmetric bodies in the Elliptic R3BP

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