Classical and Atypical Scrapie in Sheep and Goats

Fast, Christine; Groschup, Martin H.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-5338-3_2

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…Although the zoonotic potential of scrapie prion was recently showed (Cassard et al, 2014;Comoy et al, 2015), there is no evidence of risk to humans, as reported by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Since the implementation of a surveillance programme for TSE in apparently healthy animals, many cases of atypical scrapie have been reported in European countries (Fast and Groschup, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could be useful to develop a genetic selection plan to eradicate and control the disease (White et al, 2012;Fast and Groschup, 2013;Aguilar-Calvo et al, 2014 andLacroux et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Italy, the first case of classical scrapie in goats was described in 1997 (Capucchio et al, 1998). Since then, naturally occurring scrapie in goats has been reported in different countries, including France, United Kingdom, Switzerland, United States, Canada, Cyprus, Greece and Finland (Fast and Groschup, 2013;Kipanyula et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like classical scrapie, atypical scrapie cases were reported in goats but at a lower prevalence than in sheep European Commission, 2012). Atypical scrapie cases in goats have also been reported in France, Spain, Switzerland and Italy (Fast and Groschup, 2013). Classical scrapie affects all breeds of small ruminants and is spread all over the world, with the exception of Australia and New Zealand, where the disease has been eradicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: A review on classical and atypical scrapie in caprine: Prion protein gene polymorphisms and their role in the disease

Curcio

Sebastiani

Lorenzo

et al. 2016

Animal

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Scrapie is a naturally occurring transmissible spongiform encephalopathy in sheep and goat. It has been known for~250 years and is characterised by the accumulation of an abnormal isoform of a host-encoded prion protein that leads to progressive neurodegeneration and death. Scrapie is recognised in two forms, classical and atypical scrapie. The susceptibility to both types of scrapie is influenced by polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (PRNP). Sheep susceptibility or resistance to classical scrapie is strongly regulated by the polymorphisms at codons 136, 154 and 171 of the PRNP. The genetic role in atypical scrapie in sheep has been defined by polymorphisms at codons 141, 154 and 171, which are associated with different degrees of risk in the occurrence of the ovine disease. Progress has been achieved in the prevention of scrapie in sheep due to efficient genetic breeding programmes based on eradication and control of the disease. In Europe, the success of these programmes has been verified by applying eradication and genetic selection plans. In general terms, the ovine selection plans aim to eliminate and reduce the susceptible allele and to enrich the resistant allele ARR. During outbreaks all susceptible animals are slaughtered, only ARR/ARR resistant rams and sheep and semi-resistant females are preserved. In the occurrence of scrapie positive goats a complete cull of the flock (stamping out) is performed with great economic loss and severe risk of extinction for the endangered breeds. The ability to select scrapie-resistant animals allows to define new breeding strategies aimed to boost genetic progress while reducing costs during scrapie outbreaks. Allelic variants of PRNP can be protective for caprine scrapie, and the knowledge of their distribution in goats has become very important. Over the past few years, the integration of genetic information on goat populations could be used to make selection decisions, commonly referred to as genetic selection. The objective of this review was to summarise the main findings of polymorphisms of the caprine prion protein (PrP) gene and to discuss the possible application of goat breeding schemes integrating genetic selection, with their relative advantages and limitations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could be useful to develop a genetic selection plan to eradicate and control the disease (White et al, 2012;Fast and Groschup, 2013;Aguilar-Calvo et al, 2014 andLacroux et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review: A review on classical and atypical scrapie in caprine: Prion protein gene polymorphisms and their role in the disease

Curcio

Sebastiani

Lorenzo

et al. 2016

Animal

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“…Unfortunately, the above mentioned classification system of five risk groups does not work when so called atypical scrapie occurs (Fast and Groschup, 2013). In comparison to classical scrapie, animals susceptible to atypical scrapie are mostly included in R1 to R3 groups (Benestad et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in allele and genotype frequencies of PrP gene in breeds of sheep in Slovakia between 2004 and 2015

Margetín

Bíreš

Reľovský³

et al. 2016

Acta fytotechn zootechn

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The objective of the study was to analyze the changes in allele and genotype frequencies of PrP gene in auction purebred rams of various breeds in Slovakia between 2004 and 2015. Male genotyping was done within the National Scrapie Eradication Programme by the certified laboratories. Positive changes in all breeds were found during the analyzed period. As a result of strict positive selection for ARR allele and strict negative selection for VRQ and ARQ alleles in most numerous Improved Valachian (IV) and Tsigai (TS) breeds, 94.7% (IV) and 95.7% (TS) of animals were included in the first and second risk (R1 and R2) groups in 2015. Frequencies of ARR allele were above 0.9 in specialized meat breeds. In Lacaune breed, frequencies of ARR, ARQ and VRQ alleles were 0.896, 0.117 and 0.003 in 2015. All purebred East Friesian rams were included in R1 and R2 groups in 2015.

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Nervous diseases

2016

Diseases of the Goat

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Classical and Atypical Scrapie in Sheep and Goats

Cited by 27 publications

References 160 publications

Review: A review on classical and atypical scrapie in caprine: Prion protein gene polymorphisms and their role in the disease

Review: A review on classical and atypical scrapie in caprine: Prion protein gene polymorphisms and their role in the disease

Changes in allele and genotype frequencies of PrP gene in breeds of sheep in Slovakia between 2004 and 2015

Nervous diseases

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