Classical (adiponectin, leptin, resistin) and new (chemerin, vaspin, omentin) adipocytokines in patients with prediabetes

Abstract

Background In the last decade, there has been an increased interest toward fat tissue as an endocrine organ that secretes many cytokines and bioactive mediators that play a role in insulin sensitivity, inflammation, coagulation and the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate classical (adiponectin, leptin, resistin) and new (chemerin, vaspin, omentin) adipocytokine levels in subjects with prediabetes [impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)] and obese subjects with normoglycemia. Methods In this study, 80 patients with a mean age of 50.4 ± 10.6 years were recruited, divided into two groups with similar age and body mass index (BMI) - with obesity and normoglycemia (n = 41) and with obesity and prediabetes (n = 39). Results Serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in subjects with normoglycemia compared to patients with prediabetes. Adiponectin has a good discriminating power to distinguish between patients with and without insulin resistance in our study population [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.728, p = 0.002]. Other adipocytokine levels were not significantly different between the two groups. The patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) had significantly lower levels of leptin compared to those without MetS (33.03 ± 14.94 vs. 40.24 ± 12.23 ng/mL) and this difference persisted after adjustment for weight and BMI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that low serum leptin can predict the presence of MetS (p = 0.03), AUC = 0.645. Conclusion Serum adiponectin is statistically higher in patients with normoglycemia compared to those with prediabetes and has a predictive value for distinguishing between patients with and without insulin resistance in the studied population. Serum leptin has a good predictive value for distinguishing between patients with and without MetS in the studied population.

<p>The association between omentin and diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies</p>

“…Mean age of the participants ranged between 11 and 67 years. Twenty-one studies recruited both gender, 17,19,[22][23][24]27,[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] four were conducted only in men, 18,21,25,47 and three used female subjects. 20,26,48 Included studies were conducted in participants with T1DM, 17,32,40 T2DM 22,23,26,27,38,39,41,[43][44][45][46][47] , and patients with IGT.…”

“…20,26,48 Included studies were conducted in participants with T1DM, 17,32,40 T2DM 22,23,26,27,38,39,41,[43][44][45][46][47] , and patients with IGT. 18,21,24,42 Seven studies enrolled normal weight (BMI<24.9) subjects, 23,32,33,36,44-46 13 recruited overweight participants (24.9≤BMI≤29.9) 17,18,21,22,25,27,34,38,39,41,43,47,48 and 6 were conducted on obese subjects 20,24,26,35,37,42 but 2 studies did not mention baseline BMI. 19,40 Two studies were cross sectional 35,37 and the others were casecontrol.…”

“…[15][16][17][18] However, increasing body of literature has shown paradoxical relationships between serum omentin and diabetes with some studies suggesting a significant association between serum omentin level and diabetes [19][20][21][22][23] while others do not support such an association. 18,[24][25][26][27] Currently, there is insufficient evidence showing whether serum omentin is related to diabetes, and determination of this relationship has rarely been conducted. To address these issues, we carried out this systematic review and meta-analysis by pooling the results from observational studies to examine the association between serum omentin and different types of diabetes including type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) among adolescent and adult population.…”

The Level of FGF 21 as a New Risk Factor for the Occurrence of Cardiometabolic Disorders amongst the Psoriatic Patients

“…FGF23 downregulates sodium and phosphorus co-transport in the proximal tube. It also has been associated with many complications among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly, uremic bone disease [28]. Interestingly, FGF23 concentrations have been connected with the occurrence of insulin resistance (IR) as well as inflammatory state, dyslipidemia, and visceral adiposity [29,30].…”

The Correlation between Apolipoprotein B Level and Inflammatory Markers in Obese

“…Larger adipocytes in abdominal obesity alter the ability to suppress lipolysis. Fat tissue releases classical adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin) and new adipocytokines (chemerin, vaspin, omentin) that have a role in insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk [7], [8].…”