Classes of dissolved and particulate phosphorus compounds and their spatial distributions in the water of a eutrophic lake: a 31P NMR study

Abstract

Knowledge of phosphorus (P) components in water is vital to understanding the biogeochemistry of the P cycle, but little information is available about P, especially organic P components in water. We used solution 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance technology ( 31 P NMR) to characterize the classes of dissolved and particulate P compounds, as well as their spatial variation, in eutrophic Lake Taihu, Eastern China. Results showed that orthophosphate and monoesters were the dominant components in dissolved and particulate P. The main difference between the classes of dissolved and particulate P compounds was that phosphonate was detected in dissolved P, whereas pyrophosphate was mainly found in particulate P. The proportions of various classes of P compounds in particulate total P were relatively stable, which may be partly attributed to phytoplankton. In dissolved total P (DTP), the proportions of orthophosphate and monoester varied substantially and were significantly correlated with DTP concentration. According to the source of P and the ratios of dominant classes of P compounds in dissolved and particulate P, the dissolved orthophosphate may be substantially influenced by pollution sources, and other P compounds are mainly controlled by biological transformation processes.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Particulate Phosphorus and Their Correlation with Environmental Factors in a Shallow Eutrophic Chinese Lake (Lake Taihu)

“…Results from 31 P NMR analyses showed that Ortho-P was the dominant fraction (on average 49.15%) of all PP compound groups detected, which was in accordance with a previous report [ 28 ]. The peak of Ortho-P concentrations was found in May in the phytoplankton-dominated zone and lake center zone; this phenomenon demonstrated that the concentration of Ortho-P in these two zones was affected by phytoplankton-derived particulate matter.…”

Resolving marine dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) composition in a coastal estuary

“…This is not unexpected, as previous estimates have calculated ATP to be less than 2% of the DOP pool (Björkman et al 2018). While our observed pyroP signal includes contributions from polyP and nucleoP α classes, several other studies have found pyroP to account for the majority of phosphoanhydrides in marine particulate material (Paytan et al 2003), cellular cultures (Cade-Menun and Paytan 2010), sediment (Sundareshwar et al 2001), and freshwater particulate and dissolved P (Bai et al 2015). Furthermore, work by Blake et al (2005) has demonstrated the significance of pyrophosphatase and pyroP, the later sourced from triphosate nucleotides, in regulating the δ 18 O signature of P i in seawater.…”

Isolation and molecular characterization of dissolved organic phosphorus using electrodialysis‐reverse osmosis and solution 31P‐NMR

“…However, use of a highly alkaline solvent skewed the proportion of long‐chain polyphosphate to short‐chain (Table ), enhancing the terminal phosphoanhydride signal, and also promoted diester hydrolysis, enhancing the monoester signal (Table ). These findings may impact the overall dominance of the monoester class previously found (Paytan et al ; Read et al ; Bai et al ), as well as potential overestimation of pyrophosphates (Sundareshwar et al ; Paytan et al ). In response to this challenge, Read et al () and Bai et al () have grouped pyrophosphates and polyP contributions of each class (Fig.…”

“…These findings may impact the overall dominance of the monoester class previously found (Paytan et al 2003;Read et al 2014;Bai et al 2015), as well as potential overestimation of pyrophosphates (Sundareshwar et al 2001;Paytan et al 2003). In response to this challenge, Read et al (2014) and Bai et al (2015) have grouped pyrophosphates and polyP contributions of each class (Fig. 6).…”