Class-X—Harmonically Tuned Power Amplifiers With Maximally Flat Waveforms Suitable for Over One-Octave Bandwidth Designs

Highly efficient wideband parallel‐circuit class‐E/F 3 power amplifier's design methodology

“…The proposed PA would be a good choice for realising high-efficiency broadband power amplification for broadband communication systems. [9] 2540-2780 9.0 38.4-40.5 60.0-83.9 PC E/F 3 [14] 1400-2400 52.6 39.8-40.3 63.0-68.9 J [15] 1350-2500 60.0 41.0-42.5 68.0-82.0 CCF −1 [16] 550-950 53.0 >40.0 >70.0 CCF [17] 1400-2700 63.0 39.7-41.5 63.0-73.0 E [18] 1240-2420 64.5 37.0-39.9 70-86 X [19] 2200-2800 24.0 41.0-43.0 65.9-79.7 BJF −1 this work 350-730 70.4 36.0-40.9 60.1-80.5 PC E/F 3…”

“…In Table 1, it is summarised that a performance comparison of published efficient broadband PAs using the same device [7-9, [14][15][16][17][18][19] along with the design presented in this paper is shown. In this case, the 'friendliness' of this device will not be a significant factor and every DB PA can be treated equally.…”

“…In terms of efficiency, it is predominantly determined by the power amplifier (PA), which is the critical power consumption component in the mobile communication system [2]. With recent trends, it is becoming urgent to develop design methodology and amplifier's architectures for broadband and high-efficiency PAs [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

A novel independent harmonic tuned two‐port output network for efficiency enhanced RF power amplifiers

“…The design targets perfect fundamental match along with a tuned reactive load for the second and the corresponding third harmonic. While the proposed impedance conditions are presented at the packaged drain plane of the transistor, it must be noted that the second harmonic impedance point can be tuned by varying the length θ var of the transmission line T. This would not disturb the fundamental matching because the second harmonic signal path is completely isolated, as evident from the conditions in (1). Tuning θ var at the packaged drain plane presents a purely reactive second harmonic impedance and correspondingly loads the third harmonic with respect to the fixed value of the fundamental at the current generator plane of the transistor.…”

“…Generally, harmonically tuned PAs consist of a family of PA operating modes targeted for a constant performance specification. 1 Best examples include class-J amplifiers in which the drain waveform was reshaped to include the second harmonic component without any sacrifice of efficiency and output power. [2][3][4][5] Class-B/J wideband PAs were also developed using mode transferring technique.…”