Class differences in African American residential patterns in US metropolitan areas: 1990–2000

Iceland, John; Sharpe, Cicely; Steinmetz, Erika

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2004.02.001

Cited by 94 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Prior research has explored this issue primarily by examining levels of residential segregation of minorities from Anglos within income and education categories (e.g., Adelman 2004;Fischer 2003;Iceland, Sharpe, and Steinmetz 2005;Iceland and Wilkes 2006;Massey and Fischer 1999;St. John and Clymer 2000).…”

Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-neighborhood Migration and Spatial Assimilation in a Multi-ethnic World: Comparing Latinos, Blacks and Anglos

2008

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Longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics are used to examine patterns and determinants of migration into neighborhoods of varying racial and ethnic composition. Consistent with spatial assimilation theory, higher income and education facilitate moving into neighborhoods containing proportionally more non-Hispanic whites and, among Latinos, the native-born move to "more Anglo" neighborhoods than immigrants. Consistent with place stratification theory, blacks move to neighborhoods with significantly fewer Anglos than do comparable Latinos, and the effect of income on migration into more Anglo neighborhoods is stronger for most minority groups than for Anglos. Latinos differ only slightly from Anglos in their migration into neighborhoods with large black populations, and blacks do not differ from Anglos in the migration into neighborhoods with large Latino populations.Justified by the pernicious consequences of residing in predominantly minority or otherwise disadvantaged urban communities, the patterns and determinants of residential segregation among U.S. racial and ethnic groups has been a venerable topic of social science investigation. Countless studies have examined the degree to which minority groups are residentially segregated from the dominant white majority (e.g., Farley and Frey 1994;Frey and Farley 1996;Iceland 2004;Wilkes and Iceland 2004;Logan, Stults, and Farley 2004). Studies in this tradition paint a vivid portrait of American residential apartheid (Massey and Denton 1993). However, because the most common analytical approaches to examining determinants of racial and ethnic segregation are cross-sectional, strong inferences regarding the individual-level causes of segregation remain elusive. At their core, theories of residential segregation and spatial assimilation imply processes of inter-neighborhood migration, as individuals of a given race or ethnicity move-or fail to move-between neighborhoods of varying racial and ethnic composition. Yet, few studies explicitly examine the patterns of inter-neighborhood migration that sustain or attenuate levels of racial and ethnic segregation.Direct all correspondence to Scott J. South, Department of Sociology, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222.. This study goes beyond prior work on the patterns and determinants of racial and ethnic residential segregation in three main ways. First, rather than relying on cross-sectional data, we use nationally-representative, longitudinal survey data to examine the actual patterns of inter-neighborhood migration that preserve or diminish residential segregation. Given the possibility that neighborhood racial and ethnic composition influences some of the characteristics of individuals and households that predict segregation-the "neighborhood effects" issue (Sampson et al. 2002)-longitudinal studies enhance confidence in our ability to identify the causal forces underlying segregation. NIH Public AccessSecond, we systematically compare the inter-neighborhood migration patterns of the nat...

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Section: Theoretical Background and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-neighborhood Migration and Spatial Assimilation in a Multi-ethnic World: Comparing Latinos, Blacks and Anglos

2008

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“…10 Black Americans, including those in middle and upper classes, are more likely to live in poorer-quality and more economically disadvantaged neighborhoods than White Americans of the same economic class. [18][19][20][21][22] As a result, large numbers of Blacks are exposed to the deleterious conditions associated with disadvantaged neighborhoods. 23,24 However, longitudinal data on neighborhood SES and mortality among Black Americans are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to All-cause, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Black Women’s Health Study

et al. 2016

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Results: Based on 2,598 deaths during 1995-2011, lower neighborhood SES was associated with increased all-cause and cancer mortality irrespective of individual education: among those with 16 or more years of education, HRs for lowest relative to highest neighborhood SES quartile were 1.42 (95% CI 1.18-1.71) for all-cause and 1.54 (95% CI 1.14-2.07) for cancer mortality. Neighborhood SES was associated with cardiovascular mortality among lesseducated women. Conclusions:Lower neighborhood SES is associated with greater risk of mortality among Black women. The presence of the association even among women with high levels of education suggests that individual SES may not overcome the unfavorable influence of neighborhood deprivation. Ethn

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“…Spatially segregated areas of black residents are often seen as culturally inferior, thereby facing the same institutional insults as poorer communities. 13 In addition, African Americans with higher incomes are often not spatially distinct from those with lower incomes, [13][14][15] making it possible that relatively affluent African American neighborhoods will not be protected from Bspillover^of advertising from lower income areas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghettoizing Outdoor Advertising: Disadvantage and Ad Panel Density in Black Neighborhoods

Kwate

Lee

2006

J Urban Health

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This study investigated correlates of outdoor advertising panel density in predominantly African American neighborhoods in New York City. Research shows that black neighborhoods have more outdoor advertising space than white neighborhoods, and these spaces disproportionately market alcohol and tobacco advertisements. Thus, understanding the factors associated with outdoor advertising panel density has important implications for public health. We linked 2000 census data with property data at the census block group level to investigate two neighborhood-level determinants of ad density: income level and physical decay. Results showed that block groups were exposed to an average of four ad spaces per 1,000 residents and that vacant lot square footage was a significant positive predictor of ad density. An inverse relationship between median household income and ad density did not reach significance, suggesting that relative affluence did not protect black neighborhoods from being targeted for outdoor advertisements.

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Class differences in African American residential patterns in US metropolitan areas: 1990–2000

Cited by 94 publications

References 25 publications

Inter-neighborhood Migration and Spatial Assimilation in a Multi-ethnic World: Comparing Latinos, Blacks and Anglos

Inter-neighborhood Migration and Spatial Assimilation in a Multi-ethnic World: Comparing Latinos, Blacks and Anglos

Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status in Relation to All-cause, Cancer, and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Black Women’s Health Study

Ghettoizing Outdoor Advertising: Disadvantage and Ad Panel Density in Black Neighborhoods

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