Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona, 1898-1937

Ealham, Chris

doi:10.4324/9780203493557

Cited by 35 publications

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“…74 The achievement for some workers of 'los tres ochos' (the three eights) -eight hours for work, for sleep and for leisure -was remarkable. 75 The blacksmith's strike of December 1901, already mentioned above, was joined by a strike of tobacco workers at the end of the month. So serious was this latter action that the Spanish Military Governor of the Campo, General Francisco Obregón, went personally to the frontier to oversee the peaceful transit of workers who were breaking the strike.…”

Section: Agitating For the General Strike 1899-1901mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anarchy in the UK(‘s most famous fortress): comradeship and cupidity in Gibraltar and neighbouring Spain, 1890–1902

2015

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Section: Agitating For the General Strike 1899-1901mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anarchy in the UK(‘s most famous fortress): comradeship and cupidity in Gibraltar and neighbouring Spain, 1890–1902

2015

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“…However, the problem with this perspective was that 'legal' traders themselves had a rather poor to indifferent record when it came to respecting the interests of the consumer: traditionally, commercial sectors had meddled with weights and measures and adulterated foodstuffs, a culture that endured among a section of the middle classes into the Republic. 46 Meanwhile, had the street traders sold food that was hazardous to human health, one would have expected it to have been destroyed by the authorities, who in fact generally donated confi scated food to hospital kitchens. 47 The moral panics surrounding the street traders developed in tandem with their repression.…”

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'The Struggle for the Streets': Unemployed Hawkers, Protest Culture and Repression in the Barcelona area (c. 1918–1936)

Ealham¹

2008

Labour History Review

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This article assesses street trade by unemployed workers in the Barcelona area in the years immediately before the start of the Spanish civil war. This practice, along with offi cial responses to it, tell us a lot about the repressive nature of the state, as well as highlighting sharp social confl icts between commercial sectors and the unemployed during this period. Equally, the experience of the street traders, who were embraced by the anarchists as a sector from within the dispossessed, provides us with an example of the fl exibility of anarchist mobilising strategies. Initially, it might seem incongruous that anarchists should defend a form of trade, which, along with the state, was seen by the anarchists as a major scourge of humanity. However, the street traders and their readiness to assert their right to the streets provided the anarchists with a radicalised social constituency.Street trade plays an important role in everyday life across the contemporary world, 2 including Spain, where it is the near exclusive preserve of the new dispossessed of immigrants from Africa and South America. As such, this phenomenon has inevitably aroused much interest among sociologists and political analysts. 3 Yet street trade remains understudied in its historical dimension. 4 Historically, this activity was a relatively common practice in societies in the throes of capitalist economic transformation and which were accompanied by abrupt trade cycles and inadequate public welfare services. 5 In the nineteenth century, we have the example of the costermongers in Britain and the trolley vendors in New York. In this article, street trade by the unemployed in the Barcelona area during the years immediately before the Spanish civil war is studied. As will be seen, the experience of the street traders throws into sharp relief the repressive nature of the Spanish state and its underdeveloped welfare functions. Offi cial responses to this practice also highlight the sharp social confl icts between commercial sectors and the unemployed during this period.

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“…These experiences meant that by April 1931, large numbers of rural and urban workers, despite the divergences in their personal circumstances and political affiliations, shared a clearly articulated, politicized and profoundly rooted anticlerical identity. 8 Anticlerical Popular Culture: From Mockery to Mobilization Popular anticlericalism had a lengthy history in Spain. Anticlerical attitudes had existed among Spaniards, in some shape or form, since at least the Middle Ages.…”

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The Faith and the Fury: The Construction of Anticlerical Collective Identities in Spain, 1874–1931

Thomas

2013

European History Quarterly

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This article explores the construction of anticlerical collective identities among Spanish workers from the late nineteenth century, outlining the ways in which the daily experience of the Church generated and intensified anticlerical sentiment. From the turn of the century, political, social and cultural changes sparked by industrialization and ruralurban emigration altered the face of 'traditional' Spanish popular anticlericalism; newly politicized workers increasingly identified the Church as part of the repressive machinery of the Restoration Monarchy's political system. As workers struggled to fend off the ever-expanding central state's intrusions into their domestic space and the Church's influence over innumerable aspects of everyday life (including, crucially, its control of public spaces) they constructed their own, strongly anticlerical 'workers' public sphere' grounded in alternative forms of socialization, cultural activities, and new secular rituals.

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Class, Culture and Conflict in Barcelona, 1898-1937

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Anarchy in the UK(‘s most famous fortress): comradeship and cupidity in Gibraltar and neighbouring Spain, 1890–1902

Anarchy in the UK(‘s most famous fortress): comradeship and cupidity in Gibraltar and neighbouring Spain, 1890–1902

'The Struggle for the Streets': Unemployed Hawkers, Protest Culture and Repression in the Barcelona area (c. 1918–1936)

The Faith and the Fury: The Construction of Anticlerical Collective Identities in Spain, 1874–1931

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