Claims in Construction Projects: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

Construction industry plays main part in the financial development of a country and occupies an essential position in the state’s growth policies. Construction industry generates thousands of jobs into different sectors to accommodate people according to its capabilities. On the contrary, it faces huge number of claims, as a result it gives birth to various problems including additional cost and time to complete the project. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the common types and causes of claims generally occur in construction industry and specifically in large scale projects. A detailed literature review has been carried out for this research and covers past research papers of the last two decades. The results showed delay in claims and extra work claim submitted by the parties, they are the main types of claims followed by contract ambiguity claims, extension of time claim and suspension of work claims. Delay of payment is the most important cause of claim followed by incomplete design, variation order, change order by owner, lack of communication and in last poor project management. It is concluded that proper contract documentation should be done and early error identification in contract documents, drawings and specifications should be highlighted. Finally, it is recommended to adopt proper claim management policy and procedures to address the queries by all parties. This paper will be used to design future guidelines in managing claims in large scale construction projects to improve the performance of construction industry.

Zero-Risk Interpretation in the Level of Preventive Action Method Implementation for Health and Safety in Construction Sites

“…The methodologies reveal an evolution in the areas of analysis and evaluation. In addition, they incorporate new parameters based on observation and measurement criteria with the use of the zero-risk concept and its interpretation [24,28].…”

“…Therefore, this assessment examines the managerial hierarchy: developer, contractor, designer, project manager, and health and safety coordinator. It is important to note that many investigations determine that one of the factors affecting workplace accidents is a lack of proper project documentation [15,24,51].…”

“…It is implemented in the study and analysis of the prevention of workplace accidents as part of overall business performance [ 22 ]. It is integrated into the design phase and implemented during the building phase [ 24 ]. It is also included in studying the safety and human behavior in occupational risk prevention [ 25 ] and studying and analyzing psychosocial risks in companies [ 26 ].…”

Development of the Level of Preventive Action Method by Observation of the Characteristic Value for the Assessment of Occupational Risks on Construction Sites

“…The occupational risk assessment procedure in construction work is being developed and adapted to the characteristics of the building process [17], from the initial approaches to prevention in business action and project conception [14], through the study of prevention in the project phase and during the construction phase of a building [18]. The study of the safety climate in social environments and human behaviour in terms of prevention must also be taken into account [19]; with the essential study and analysis of psychosocial risks throughout the hierarchical structure of companies [20] and, finally, during the use and maintenance phase of the building with the new owners [21].…”

“…However, a clear evolution of the evaluative aspects of the new risk assessment methodologies can be observed, which have been gradually encompassing and incorporating different areas of research [12,18,19]. Current risk assessment methodologies focus on the evaluation of broader aspects due to the fact that the cause or reasons that generate an accident are not usually particular, but rather depend on various circumstances in the work environment (safety aspects in the work environment) such as work, occupational disease, adaptation to work or social relationships.…”