Cladonia uncialis as a valuable raw material of biosynthetic compounds against clinical strains of bacteria and fungi

Studzińska-Sroka, Elżbieta; Tomczak, Hanna; Malińska, Natalia; Wrońska, Marta; Kleszcz, Robert; Galanty, Agnieszka; Cielecka‐Piontek, Judyta; Latek, Dorota; Paluszczak, Jarosław

doi:10.18388/abp.2019_2891

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…According to Manojlović et al [10], salazinic acid was the dominant compound in acetone extract from P. sulcata. Other works indicated that evernic acid and (−)-usnic acid were the important components of acetone extracts of E. prunastri [6,38] and of C. uncialis [22,39], respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lichen-Derived Compounds and Extracts as Biologically Active Substances with Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties

et al. 2021

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Lichens are a source of chemical compounds with valuable biological properties, structurally predisposed to penetration into the central nervous system (CNS). Hence, our research aimed to examine the biological potential of lipophilic extracts of Parmelia sulcata, Evernia prunastri, Cladonia uncialis, and their major secondary metabolites, in the context of searching for new therapies for CNS diseases, mainly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The extracts selected for the study were standardized for their content of salazinic acid, evernic acid, and (−)-usnic acid, respectively. The extracts and lichen metabolites were evaluated in terms of their anti-tumor activity, i.e., cytotoxicity against A-172 and T98G cell lines and anti-IDO1, IDO2, TDO activity, their anti-inflammatory properties exerted by anti-COX-2 and anti-hyaluronidase activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. The results of this study indicate that lichen-derived compounds and extracts exert significant cytotoxicity against GBM cells, inhibit the kynurenine pathway enzymes, and have anti-inflammatory properties and weak antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase properties. Moreover, evernic acid and (−)-usnic acid were shown to be able to cross the blood-brain barrier. These results demonstrate that lichen-derived extracts and compounds, especially (−)-usnic acid, can be regarded as prototypes of pharmacologically active compounds within the CNS, especially suitable for the treatment of GBM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lichen-Derived Compounds and Extracts as Biologically Active Substances with Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties

et al. 2021

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“…Nowadays, it is the most extensively investigated lichen secondary metabolite. Its numerous biological activities have been proved, e.g., antiprotozoal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, analgesic, insecticidal [ 7 ], antitumor, antipyretic, antiproliferative, antioxidant [ 8 ], photoprotective [ 6 ], cytoprotective, gastroprotective, and immunostimulatory properties [ 9 , 10 ]. Considering the above-mentioned activities, UA has found application in cosmetology, agriculture, the pharmaceutical industry, and dentistry [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological Aspects of Green Extraction of Usnic Acid Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

et al. 2023

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Usnic acid (UA) is a compound with multiple biological activities that make it useful in various industries, e.g., pharmaceutical, cosmetic, dentistry, and agricultural sectors. Lichens are the primary source of UA, which is primarily extracted using acetone. This study aimed to investigate the solubility of UA in numerous natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) and use a mixture of thymol and camphor as a NADES in the optimization of the UA extraction process with the design of experiments method. For numerical optimization, the following parameters were employed in the experiment to confirm the model: a camphor-to-thymol ratio of 0.3, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 60, and a time of 30 min. The obtained experimental results aligned well with the predicted values, with the mean experimental value falling within the confidence interval, exhibiting deviations between 11.93 and 14.96. By employing this model, we were able to optimize the extraction procedure, facilitating the isolation of approximately 91% of the total UA content through a single extraction, whereas a single acetone extraction yielded only 78.4% of UA.

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“…Quantification of usnic acid was achieved by measuring the peak area with regards to the appropriate standard curve. Details of the analysis were described previously (Studzińska-Sroka et al 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of usnic acid extraction conditions using fractional factorial design

et al. 2020

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Usnic acid is a unique lichen metabolite of industrial importance, widely studied to explore its pharmacological potential and valued especially as an antibacterial agent in cosmetics. Although a vast number of papers describe usnic acid extraction from various lichen species, none has so far provided an unequivocal indication of the best extraction procedure for this compound. Thus, the current study was focused on the direct comparison of three commonly used usnic acid extraction methods (heat reflux, shaking, ultrasound-assisted extractions), which were optimized using fractional factorial design. Heat reflux extraction, shaking extraction and ultrasound-assisted extraction were first optimized in a series of experiments using fractional factorial design, with respect to three parameters: the extraction time, the solvent used and the number of extraction repetitions. HPLC was employed for usnic acid quantitative analysis. The best scores for each extraction method were statistically compared and the optimal conditions were indicated. The optimal set of parameters for usnic acid was established to be a single, 60 min heat reflux extraction with acetone. This extraction scheme provided 4.25 ±0.08 mg g−1 d.w. of usnic acid, while for ultrasound-assisted and shaking extractions the amount was two- or even four times lower (2.33 ±0.17 and 0.97 ±0.08 mg g−1 d.w., respectively). The optimal procedure for usnic acid extraction described here may be suitable for effective acquisition of this compound for scientific research purposes, but also for applications in the pharmaceutical or cosmetic industries.

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Cladonia uncialis as a valuable raw material of biosynthetic compounds against clinical strains of bacteria and fungi

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Lichen-Derived Compounds and Extracts as Biologically Active Substances with Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties

Lichen-Derived Compounds and Extracts as Biologically Active Substances with Anticancer and Neuroprotective Properties

Methodological Aspects of Green Extraction of Usnic Acid Using Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents

Optimization of usnic acid extraction conditions using fractional factorial design

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