Civil Conflict and Displacement: Village-Level Determinants of Forced Migration in Aceh

Czaika, Mathias; Kis‐Katos, Krisztina

doi:10.1177/0022343309102659

Cited by 138 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…These results are very interesting as they stress that both socio-economic factors and violence incidence are playing an important role in explaining household migration in rural areas of Colombia. Although similar results have been found by Engel and Ibanez (2007) and Czaika and Kis-Katos (2009), what is particularly interesting in our context is that the households of our sample are extremely poor, such that migration decisions are likely to be severely liquidity constrained. In this context, we find that receiving welfare benefits such as conditional cash transfers of the FA programme discourages household migration only if violence incidence is not unduly high.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…However, there has been a growing attention paid to the consequences of civil conflicts on displacement and asylum seekers (see for example Azam and Hoeffler, 2002, Hatton, 2004, or Czaika and Kis-Katos, 2009 Giorgi, 2009). As in the first two years of the programme, the programme was not implemented everywhere (340,000 households were registered to participate in 622 municipalities of Colombia), one can easily understand that being exposed to the programme may discourage migration of the very poor households eligible for it.…”

Section: Literature On Migration and Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration, violence and welfare programmes in rural Colombia

Mesnard¹

2009

Working Paper Series

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractThis paper studies migration decisions of very poor households in an environment of high level of violence. By matching detailed retrospective data on violence levels in Colombian rural municipalities with a household survey collected for the evaluation of the "Familias en Acción" welfare programme, the empirical analysis takes into account possible selection problems of the sample and the key issue of endogeneity of violence. The main results show that high levels of violence encourage households to leave their municipality of residence but that welfare programmes may mitigate these flows, provided that the incidence of violence is not unduly high. This is consistent with the fact that the households under study are liquidity constrained: when violence is high, cash transfers may enable them to leave their municipality of residence, whereas, in more normal circumstances, receiving cash transfers increases the benefits to stay where they are registered. Further evidence using household shocks and wealth confirm that liquidity constraints play a large role in explaining such heterogeneous impacts of the programme along violence levels. Other important determinants of migration are the type of property rights and the health insurance rural households can benefit from.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Literature On Migration and Displacementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration, violence and welfare programmes in rural Colombia

Mesnard¹

2009

Working Paper Series

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“…It should also be noted that in many cases IDPs would have some control over where to move within their countries, and, where possible, they would choose destinations offering better opportunities for the fulfilment of basic needs as well as finding a job (Czaika and Kis-Katos, 2009;Lozano-Gracia et al, 2010). From a technical point of view, such self-selection is not an issue if one compares the labour market outcomes of IDPs with those of hosts within the same area.…”

Section: H6: Displaced Women Have Inferior Long-term Labour Market Oumentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond conflict: Long-term labour market integration of internally displaced persons in post-socialist countries

Ivļevs¹,

Veliziotis

2018

Journal of Vocational Behavior

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author. Terms of use: Documents in Artjoms IvlevsBristol Business School and IZA Michail VeliziotisUniversity of Southampton people who fled conflict 10-15 years ago are more likely to be long-term unemployed, experience a recent job loss and work informally. We also find that people affected by conflict (both displaced and non-displaced) are more willing to acquire further education and training. These results are not uniform across demographic groups: displaced women consistently experience a greater labour market disadvantage than displaced men, and people affected by conflict in the younger age group (18-34) are particularly keen to acquire extra education and training. Overall, our results highlight a long-lasting vulnerability of the forcibly displaced in developing and transition economies, and advance the emerging literature on the effects of internal displacement on labour market outcomes and human capital accumulation. We also discuss how forced internal displacement extends the theory of cumulative disadvantage. JEL Classification:D74, J64, M53

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“…Previous studies have found that long-term instability and violence often bring about migration and produce significant displacement, both within and across national borders (Bohra-Mishra and Massey 2011;Castles 2003;Czaika and Kis-Katos 2009;Engel and Ibânez 2007;Morrison 1993;Tolnay and Beck 1992;Williams et al 2012;Williams 2013). Threat of harm has been the most commonly cited reason for this migration (Bohra-Mishra and Massey 2011; Engel and Ibânez 2007;Williams et al 2012).…”

Section: Migration and The Unrest In Prior Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ongoing havoc that threatens people's well-being and gives them a sense of insecurity may drive them to move out. While in other contexts, investigators have found that long-term instability and violence often beget migration (Bohra-Mishra and Massey 2011;Castles 2003;Czaika and Kis-Katos 2009;Engel and Ibânez 2007;Morrison 1993;Tolnay and Beck 1992), in the case of the southernmost Thailand, the extent to which the experience of violence has affected movement out of the southernmost provinces is still unclear.…”

Section: Migration and The Unrest In The Three Southernmost Provincesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How does unrest affect migration? Evidence from the three southernmost provinces of Thailand

Jampaklay¹,

Ford²,

Chamratrithirong³

2017

DemRes

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BACKGROUNDIn the southernmost provinces of Thailand, despite the long-term unrest concurrent with migration, very limited research tackles the relationship between these two phenomena. OBJECTIVEThis analysis examines whether migration in the three southernmost provinces is associated with the ongoing unrest. METHODSWe use a sample of 1,009 households from a household probability survey conducted in the three southernmost provinces in 2014. The analysis uses two measures of migration: all migration and destination-specific migration. The unrest is measured as 1) whether a violent incident occurred in the village in the most recent year and 2) the perceived effect of the unrest on the overall life of the household. RESULTSHouseholds in villages where a violent incidence occurred in the past year and households that reported that the unrest affected overall life a lot are more likely to have a migrant. These effects are direct, net of other household and social network characteristics. The unrest is related to increased migration both within Thailand and to Malaysia. This result is stronger for migration to Malaysia compared to migration within Thailand. The destination of migrants is related to education.

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Civil Conflict and Displacement: Village-Level Determinants of Forced Migration in Aceh

Cited by 138 publications

References 6 publications

Migration, violence and welfare programmes in rural Colombia

Migration, violence and welfare programmes in rural Colombia

Beyond conflict: Long-term labour market integration of internally displaced persons in post-socialist countries

How does unrest affect migration? Evidence from the three southernmost provinces of Thailand

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