CityDelta: A model intercomparison study to explore the impact of emission reductions in European cities in 2010

Cuvelier, C.; Thunis, Philippe; Vautard, Robert; Amann, Markus; Bessagnet, Bertrand; Bedogni, Marco; Berkowicz, Ruwim; Brandt, Jørgen; Brocheton, Fabien; Builtjes, P. J. H.; Carnavale, C.; Coppalle, A.; Denby, Bruce; Douros, John; Graf, Antonia; Hellmuth, O.; Hodzic, Alma; Honoré, Cécile; Jonson, Jan Eiof; Kerschbaumer, Andreas; Leeuw, Frank de; Minguzzi, Enrico; Moussiopoulos, Ν.; Pertot, C.; Peuch, Vincent-Henri; Pirovano, Guido; Rouïl, Laurence; Sauter, Ferd; Schaap, Martijn; Stern, R.; Tarrasón, L.; Vignati, E.; Volta, Marialuisa; White, L.; Wind, Peter; Zuber, A.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2006.07.036

Cited by 192 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…For the LOTOS-EUROS model used to build the lowermost levels of the NR, there is extensive verification by comparison with European data and by frequent participation in international model comparisons. This is the case for ozone and particulate matter (see Hass et al, 2003;Cuvelier et al, 2007;Manders et al, 2009;Curier et al, 2012;Marécal et al, 2015). To evaluate the NR, we compare the surface CO data to available in situ groundbased CO measurements over Europe during northern summer 2003 (1 June-31 August).…”

Section: The Nature Runmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of spaceborne carbon monoxide observations from the S-5P platform on tropospheric composition analyses and forecasts

Abida¹,

Attié

Amraoui³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We use the technique of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs) to quantify the impact of spaceborne carbon monoxide (CO) total column observations from the Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5P) platform on tropospheric analyses and forecasts. We focus on Europe for the period of northern summer 2003, when there was a severe heat wave episode associated with extremely hot and dry weather conditions. We describe different elements of the OSSE: (i) the nature run (NR), i.e., the "truth"; (ii) the CO synthetic observations; (iii) the assimilation run (AR), where we assimilate the observations of interest; (iv) the control run (CR), in this study a free model run without assimilation; and (v) efforts to establish the fidelity of the OSSE results. Comparison of the results from AR and the CR, against the NR, shows that CO total column observations from S-5P provide a significant benefit (at the 99 % confidence level) at the surface, with the largest benefit occurring over land in regions far away from emission sources. Furthermore, the S-5P CO total column observations are able to capture phenomena such as the forest fires that occurred in Portugal during northern summer 2003. These results provide evidence of the benefit of S-5P observations for monitoring processes contributing to atmospheric pollution.

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Section: The Nature Runmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of spaceborne carbon monoxide observations from the S-5P platform on tropospheric composition analyses and forecasts

Abida¹,

Attié

Amraoui³

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Dry deposition is parameterized similar to the EMEP model (Simpson et al, 2003b;Emberson, 2000) except for the dry deposition of species on water surfaces where the deposition depends on the solubility of the chemical specie and the wind speed (Asman et al, 1994;Hertel et al, 1995). Wet deposition includes in-cloud and below-cloud scavenging and is calculated as the product of scavenging coefficients and the concentration.…”

Section: The Dehm Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vautard et al, 2006Vautard et al, , 2007Vautard et al, , 2009van Loon et al, 2007;Cuvelier et al, 2007;Colette et al, 2011). These studies have focused on establishing the robustness of model predictions in the present climate.…”

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confidence: 99%

A multi-model study of impacts of climate change on surface ozone in Europe

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The impact of climate change on surface ozone over Europe was studied using four offline regional chemistry transport models (CTMs) and one online regional integrated climate-chemistry model (CCM), driven by the same global projection of future climate under the SRES A1B scenario. Anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors from RCP4.5 for year 2000 were used for simulations of both present and future periods in order to isolate the impact of climate change and to assess the robustness of the results across the different models. The sensitivity of the simulated surface ozone to changes in climate between the periods 2000-2009 and 2040-2049 differs by a factor of two between the models, but the general pattern of change with an increase in southern Europe is similar across different models. Emissions of isoprene differ substantially between different CTMs ranging from 1.6 to 8.0 Tg yr −1 for the current climate, partly due to differences in horizontal resolution of meteorological input data. Also the simulated change in total isoprene emissions varies substantially across models explaining part of the different climate response on surface ozone. Ensemble mean changes in summer mean ozone and mean of daily maximum ozone are close to 1 ppb(v) in parts of the land area in southern Europe. Corresponding changes of 95-percentiles of hourly ozone are close to 2 ppb(v) in the same region. In northern Europe ensemble mean for mean and daily maximum show negative changes while there are no negative changes for the higher percentiles indicating that climate impacts on O 3 could be especially important in connection with extreme summer events.

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“…A recent example of both is the CityDelta project. [1] It is estimated that in 2007, for the first time in history, the world's urban population exceeded the rural population. [2,3] At present, there are ∼20 cities worldwide with a population of 10 million or more and ∼30 with a population of ∼7 million or more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of megacities on global atmospheric chemistry: a modelling study

Butler

Lawrence

2009

Environ. Chem.

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Environmental context. Over half of the population of the world now live in urban areas, and the number of so-called 'megacities', with populations of ∼10 million or more, is growing at a tremendous rate. We show how these patterns of urbanisation have the potential to influence the atmospheric chemical environment on a global scale, particularly through the effects of emissions from megacities on the reactive nitrogen cycle. With the growing worldwide interest in the study of the effects of megacities at all spatial scales, such as current European Union projects MEGAPOLI and CityZen, our study represents the first of many future studies that examine the effects of megacities on atmospheric chemistry on the global scale.Abstract. We present the first study of the effects of megacities on global atmospheric chemistry using a global threedimensional chemical transport model. The effects on air quality, radiative forcing and atmospheric oxidation capacity are disproportionately smaller than the proportion of anthropogenic emissions due to megacities. Disproportionately large effects of megacities are modelled for reactive nitrogen compounds, in particular PAN (peroxy acetyl nitrate), which has increased in abundance globally by 9% due to megacities under year 2000 conditions, with 23% of the Earth experiencing an increase of 10% or more. These influences decrease under two very different future emission scenarios. Under a low-emission future scenario, the influence of megacities is generally reduced, and under a high-emission future scenario, although the local influence of megacities is increased, the geographical extent of the influence becomes smaller. In our model, the individual grid cells that contain megacities respond to the megacity emissions differently depending on their latitude. Tropical megacity grid cells generally show increased ozone year-round, while northern extratropical megacities generally show reduced ozone year-round. Better parameterisation of the sub-grid effects of megacities is an important issue for future work.

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CityDelta: A model intercomparison study to explore the impact of emission reductions in European cities in 2010

Cited by 192 publications

References 6 publications

Impact of spaceborne carbon monoxide observations from the S-5P platform on tropospheric composition analyses and forecasts

Impact of spaceborne carbon monoxide observations from the S-5P platform on tropospheric composition analyses and forecasts

A multi-model study of impacts of climate change on surface ozone in Europe

The influence of megacities on global atmospheric chemistry: a modelling study

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