Citric acid enhances the phytoextraction of manganese and plant growth by alleviating the ultrastructural damages in Juncus effusus L.

Determining soil enzyme activities for the assessment of fungi and citric acid-assisted phytoextraction under cadmium and lead contamination

“…L0-L4 represents different pollution levels of Cd and Pb especially at the high pollution level. These findings are similar to other studies in which increased root or short biomass was observed after CA or microorganism-assisted phytoextraction (Najeeb et al 2009;Khan et al 2015). The enhanced biomass may be related to the enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity of plants, which decreases the production of H 2 O 2 and electrolyte leakage (Ehsan et al 2014).…”

Influence of Soil Chemistry and Plant Physiology in the Phytoremediation of Cu, Mn, and Zn

“…Normally, Mn content in plants varies from 10 to 100 μg g −1 (Hansch and Mendel, 2009;White and Brown, 2010). Below 10 and above 200 μg g −1 , Mn deficiency/toxicity occurs and plant physiological processes are compromised (Najeeb et al, 2009;Zhao et al, 2012).…”

“…To improve the phytoremediation of Cu, Mn and Zn, the application of amendments (organics and inorganics) has been widely studied and has proven to be a useful way to manage some of the problems related to trace metal bioavailability and plant growth (Gunawardana et al, 2011;Najeeb et al, 2009;Perez-Esteban et al, 2013). Amendments can be used to enhance the bioavailability of trace metals, which will improve phytoextraction, or to reduce the labile fraction of trace metals, to assist in phytostabilization (Padmavathiamma and Li, 2010;Wu et al, 2012a).…”

Differential effect of manganese on the germination of Triglochin striata (Juncaginaceae) and Cotula coronopifolia (Asteraceae) in Laguna de Carrizal Bajo wetland, Atacama Region, Chile

“…Various studies have documented that Mn damages adult plants, inducing the appearance of leaf spots (Führs et al 2008, Kosiada 2013, loss of biomass (Mora et al 2009, Najeeb et al 2009), chlorosis (Moroni et al 2003, Rosas et al 2007) and necrotic lesions (Moroni et al 2003). In early stages (i.e., seedlings), the presence of Mn decreases growth (Arya & Roy 2011, Lee et al 2011 and causes alterations in stomata formation and root development (Lidon 2002), hindering the absorption of other essential nutrients (Paschke et al 2005) and results in the death of seedlings (McQuattie & Schier 2000).…”

“…The effect of Mn on seeds has been less studied: Santandrea et al (1997) and Rajjak et al (2013) showed that at concentrations above 10 ppm the germination of Nicotiana tabacum L. and Triticum aestivum L. is reduced progressively, as a result of oxidative stress and damage of the lipid component of the plasma membrane (Bewley 1986, Todorović 2008. However, there are macrophytes that can tolerate and accumulate high concentrations of trace metals, including Mn (Cooper 1984, Karlsons et al 2011, thus these have been used for remediation purposes (Najeeb et al 2009). In this context, to know the ability of seeds to germinate on environments with variable concentrations of Mn, could be important as a first step to ensure the establishment and persistence of remedial species in natural and artificial water systems (Kranner & Colville 2011).…”