Citric acid as an alternative lixiviant for zinc oxide dissolution

Larba, R.; Boukerche, Ikram; Alane, N.; Habbache, N.; Djerad, Souad; Tifouti, L.

doi:10.1016/j.hydromet.2013.02.002

Cited by 60 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…On the one hand, the acid reduced a little bit of the pH of the medium (Figure S4, Supporting Information). On the other hand, these acids could react with ZnO NPs to produce free Zn 2+ after the reaction . Protection of GSH and PA against the toxicity of ZnO NPs resulted from producing complexation effect with Zn 2+ dissolved by ZnO NPs .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, these acids could react with ZnO NPs to produce free Zn 2+ after the reaction. [41] Protection of GSH and PA against the toxicity of ZnO NPs resulted from producing complexation effect with Zn 2+ dissolved by ZnO NPs. [42][43][44][45] TiO 2 NPs have the function of adsorbing ions due to their small particle size and enormous specific surface area, facilitating more rapid adsorption of ions than the equivalent bulk material.…”

Section: Cytotoxicity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety Issue of Changed Nanotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in the Multicomponent System

Huang

Ding

et al. 2019

Part & Part Syst Charact

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When nanomaterials are exposed to complex systems, such as food, they may cause significant changes in physical and chemical properties and even toxicity. The toxicity evaluation of complex systems is urgent. Unfortunately, so far, there is no database established about the toxicity changes of nanoparticles in composite systems. In this paper, the changes and toxicity mechanism of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in a composite system are studied. The results show that the dissolution of zinc ions (Zn2+) in acidic systems (vitamin C, tartaric acid, or citric acid) increases the toxicity of ZnO NPs. However, the toxicity of ZnO NPs is reduced by the complexation effect with Zn2+ in phosphoric acid, phosphate, and glutathione systems. The influence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) on the toxicity of ZnO NPs depends on size and surface properties. In brief, the intracellular Zn2+ homeostasis level is the decisive factor in determining the toxicity change in complex systems. The results indicate that the toxicity changes are very different in combined systems, which may have potential food safety issues, especially for unstable nanoparticles.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cytotoxicity Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Issue of Changed Nanotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in the Multicomponent System

Huang

Ding

et al. 2019

Part & Part Syst Charact

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“…This method was applied because dissolving alpha alumina with other classical leachants such as HCl or H2SO4 was not effective (Boukerche et al, 2010, Larba et al, 2013. Alumina based ceramics was found to corrode under hydrothermal conditions because of the dissolution of the impurities existing at the grain boundaries such as MgO, CaO, SiO2 and Na2Os (Oda and Yoshio 1997;Genthe and Ausner 1992) while the dissolution of Al 3+ in bulk material was found to be negligible (Curkovic et al, 2008).…”

Section: Figure 5: X-ray Spectrum Of Aluminum Precipitate Washed and mentioning

confidence: 99%

PYROMETALLURGICAL METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM FROM Fe2O3/α-Al2O3 CATALYST

Djerad

2017

MIJST

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“…Citric acid was found to be more active than H 2 SO 4 . In hydrometallurgical treatments, the ability to recover metals or metal oxides depends on their chemical reactivities (Larba et al, 2013). So citric acid seems more appropriate to use as a less costly and more environmentally friendly leachant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LEACHING Zn FROM THE LOW-GRADE ZINC OXIDE ORE IN NH3-H3C6H5O7-H2O MEDIA

Peng

Zhang

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-In this research, the effect of different citric acid concentrations, ammonia concentration, temperature, leaching time, stirring speed and liquid-to-solid ratio on the zinc leaching from low-grade zinc oxide ore in a NH 3 -H 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 -H 2 O system were studied. The results showed that the zinc leaching rate is only 4.7% when the citric acid concentration is 0 M, and the leaching efficiency of Zn increased with increasing citric acid concentration. Under the conditions: citric acid concentration of 1.0 M, ammonia concentration of 6 M, temperature of 25 °C, leaching time of 60 min, stirring speed of 300 rpm and the starting solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, 81.2% of Zn is leached. The mineralogical changes of the low-grade zinc oxide ores during the processes were characterized by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy associated with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). From the evidence we deduced that citric ions complexed with zinc ions, forming a Zn-citrate complex. As a result, the zinc leaching rate was improved without the risk of pollution or pretreatment. This makes it as a good choice for a more ecological treatment of hemimorphite.

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Citric acid as an alternative lixiviant for zinc oxide dissolution

Cited by 60 publications

References 27 publications

Safety Issue of Changed Nanotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in the Multicomponent System

Safety Issue of Changed Nanotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in the Multicomponent System

PYROMETALLURGICAL METHOD FOR THE RECOVERY OF ALUMINUM FROM Fe2O3/α-Al2O3 CATALYST

LEACHING Zn FROM THE LOW-GRADE ZINC OXIDE ORE IN NH3-H3C6H5O7-H2O MEDIA

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