Citrate and Polyvinylpyrrolidone Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles as Selective Colorimetric Sensor for Aluminum (III) Ions in Real Water Samples

Abstract

The use of silver nanoparticles stabilized with citrate and polyvinylpyrrolidone as a sensor for aluminum ions determination is proposed in this paper. These non-functionalized and specific nanoparticles provide a highly selective and sensitive detection system for aluminum in acidic solutions. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. Surface plasmon band deconvolution analysis was applied to study the interaction between silver nanoparticles and aluminum ions in solution. The interaction band in the UV-visible region was used as an analytical signal for quantitation purposes. The proposed detection system offers an effective AND wide linearity range (0.1-10 3 nM), specificity for Al(III) in THE presence of other metallic ions in solution, as well as high sensitivity (limit of detection = 40.5 nM). The proposed silver-nanoparticles-based sensor WAS successfully used for detecting Al(III) in real water samples.Materials 2020, 13, 1373 2 of 15 aluminum ions through which Al(III) enters the human food chain; plant roots are also adversely affected by the release of Al(III) ion from the acidic soil [11][12][13].Considering the strong impact of aluminum on human health and the environment, Al(III) detection is important. Analytical techniques commonly used for detecting metal ions include ion selective electrodes [14], electrochemical methods [15], atomic absorption and emission spectrometry [16,17], and colorimetric sensors [18,19].Metallic nanoparticles were proposed as colorimetric sensors for numerous metal ions in different kind of samples. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as well as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been used for these purposes [20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Usually, AuNPs and AgNPs are functionalized to obtain specific and selective sensors for detecting the desired metallic ion. Chen et al. used triazole-ether functionalized gold nanoparticles for the colorimetric detection of Al(III) ions [27]. Citrate-capped gold nanoparticles were used for rapid visual detection of aluminum at concentrations down to 1.0 µM [18]. Ascorbic-acid-capped gold nanoparticles were used for the selective colorimetric detection of aluminum ions in ground water [28]. Liu et al. proposed a colorimetric assay for Al(III) based on alizarin red S-functionalized silver nanoparticles [4]. Silver nanoparticles stabilized by reduced glutathione (GSH-AgNPs) in the presence of L-cysteine were used for colorimetric detection of aluminum by Yang et al. [29]. Even stable silver nanoclusters have been used for the detection of aluminum ions [30]. Silver nanoparticles coated with citrate or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were demonstrated to be versatile due to their different applications in a wide variety of fields like electronic applications or cell imaging between others [31][32][33].As reported in the literature, the use of metallic nanoparticles as a detection system for metal ions is based on the shift to longer wavelengths of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption band due to the pr...

Implementation of green-assessed nanotechnology and quality by design approach for development of optical sensor for determination of tobramycin in ophthalmic formulations and spiked human plasma

“…The advantages of PVP over the SDS capping agent; 1—the former leads to the synthesis of more uniform particle size, 2—PVP-capped AgNPs have superior antibacterial and anti-fungal activities; which prolongs their shelf-life [ 46 ], 3—PVP-capping helps to stabilize the AgNPs by forming steric protective shields, allowing steric and electrostatic stabilization [ 17 ], and finally 4—PVP-capping provides excellent physicochemical properties like solubility in both water and organic solvents, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity [ 47 ]. Comparing the PVP-capped AgNPs to citrate-capped AgNPs; PVP-capped was found to be more stable [ 48 ] and had smaller particle size which improved the method sensitivity [ 49 ].…”

Polyvinyl alcohol-citrate-stabilized silver nanoparticles as an optical sensor for selective colorimetric determination of sildenafil

“…Meanwhile, the clear colorless solution gives a bright yellow color indicating the fabrication of AgNPs. After that, the colored solution was further stirred at zero temperature for 2 h, kept in a brown bottle, and stored at 4 °C [ 39 , 40 ]. The obtained AgNPs were denoted PVA-Cit-AgNPs.…”

Evaluation of strategies to incorporate silver nanoparticles into electrospun microfibers for the preparation of wound dressings and their antimicrobial activity

“…The methods, where the AgNO3 was reduced using the fabricated fibers after the electrospinning process, presented a small or less evident presence of the AgNPs over the fibers compared to those samples, where the AgNO3 was reduced using the PCL-PVP polymeric solution before the electrospinning process, which presented a more abundant, higher distribution and bigger AgNPs sizes. These differences can be observed because of the role of PVP in the AgNO3, because it has been reported in the literature that PVP works as a stabilizer in the AgNPs formation producing nanoparticles with smaller sizes [36,37]. Zein, et al [36], concluded that adding PVP as a stabilizing agent during the synthesis process decreases the size of AgNPs and yields more stable colloidal AgNPs than uncoated nanoparticles.…”