Citizenship, Belonging and Attachment in the ‘War on Terror’

Ahmed, Shamila

doi:10.1007/s10612-015-9279-2

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Secondly, emotions are not purely personal, but instead, are considered crucial for the understanding of social reality. The theoretical foundations of this paper are set within the scholarly literature (Marcus, 2002;Ho, 2009;Jackson, 2016;Magat, 1999;Wood, 2013;Howes and Hammett, 2016;Ahmed, 2016) dealing with connections between citizenship and emotions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, Jackson (2016) finds that the four main elements of emotional citizenship are: belonging, home, safety, and roots, with the home being "intrinsic to emotional citizenship" (Jackson, 2016: 824). Other authors (Magat, 1999;Wood, 2013;Howes and Hammett, 2016;Ahmed, 2016) place the focus of emotional citizenship on belonging or a feeling of belonging. According to Yuval-Davis, Kannabirān and Vieten (2006), the politics of belonging connects citizenship and identity on the one side, and the ways in which the state and society relate to individuals and groups by adding an emotional dimension, essential to belonging, on the other.…”

Section: Emotional Citizenship Home and Belongingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facing Fear and Responding with Courage: Understanding How Fear Constitutes the “Emotional Citizenship” of Voluntary Returnees to Bosnia and Herzegovina

Ibričević¹

2019

MET

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This paper examines the case of voluntary return migration to a post-conflict society, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), where the returnee freely chooses to go back despite having a viable alternative of livelihood and a well-integrated social presence abroad. The initial claim of the paper is that the motivation for this type of return is primarily emotional. Although the much researched (Brown, 2014) "patriotic love" is certainly part of returnees' emotional landscape, other emotions play an equal, and sometimes a more important role. Arguing that fear is a key emotion constituting returnees' daily experience of BiH citizenship, the paper identifies three dimensions of fear: ethnic discrimination, economic uncertainty and abuse of political power. Returnees' continued life and work in the home state represent an act of remarkable courage, the success of which does not occur because of the state structure envisioned by the Dayton Peace Agreement (DPA) that comprises the current BiH Constitution, but in spite of the obstacles it creates. The argument is based on a thematic analysis of 35 in-depth interviews conducted with members of the Bosnian and Herzegovinian diaspora/transmigrants, who have voluntarily decided to return and settle in BiH.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emotional Citizenship Home and Belongingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facing Fear and Responding with Courage: Understanding How Fear Constitutes the “Emotional Citizenship” of Voluntary Returnees to Bosnia and Herzegovina

Ibričević¹

2019

MET

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“…The interviews were analysed using grounded theory which meant that although core categories and themes could emerge, leading to a higher level of theoretical abstraction, the categories and themes could still be traced back to the data from which they emerged. The next section explores the main themes to emerge in relation to participants' perceptions of state policy before and after the introduction of community cohesion and the terrorist attacks of September 11th (also see [3,4,5] for research process of the study).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perceived grievances and perceptions of injustice have also been highlighted as factors which are relevant to the radicalisation process [47] and the government is instrumental in the existence of such perceptions (see [4,5]). It is vital to explore how governmental policies are shaping understandings of group identity and possibly reducing perceptions of commonality and unity with non-Muslims.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

British Muslims perceptions of social cohesion: from multiculturalism to community cohesion and the ‘war on terror’

Ahmed

2018

Crime Law Soc Change

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Since the Northern disturbances of 2001 and the terrorist attacks of September 11th , the UK government has changed the focus of policies from those that predominantly focused on British Muslims' Asian identity, to those that focus on British Muslims' religious identity. The fracturing of the Asian identity has been evident in the political discourses on the 'war on terror' and community cohesion, with both defining British Muslims through their religious identity, as opposed to their Asian identity, an identity for which inter Asian commonality existed. This article draws on research that was conducted on British Muslims' perceptions of social policy since the 1980s and explores the extent to which changes in governmental policies have impacted British Muslims' perceptions of commonality with non-British Muslims. The article demonstrates how the 'war on terror' and community cohesion are negatively impacting social cohesion through making British Muslims feel isolated and marginalised in society. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the radicalisation of British Muslims and the growing influence of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS).

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“…As Ahmed (2015, 2) notes, "counter terrorism policing reflects a form of policing where due process is not prioritised and this is of central importance given that due process prioritises fairness, justice and liberty -which are vital components of citizens' legal status." In movements towards pre-emption, the equation of risk indicators with ethnic and racialised identities has already translated into forms of Muslim profiling through which domestic populations are subjected to discriminatory police treatment and more intrusive surveillance (Ahmed 2015;Breen-Smyth 2014;Croft 2012;Eroukhmanoff 2015;Kundnani and Baker-Beall 2014;Lakhani 2012;Parmar 2011;Thomas 2010). Since policing practices that target "enemies within" have a long trajectory that is tied up in notions of belonging and citizenship (Martin 2014), we highlight how the knowledge practices of radicalisation theories extend these demarcations of social citizenship and parallel the pre-emptive field of security governance.…”

Section: Conclusion: Radicalisation Indicators and Security Governancementioning

confidence: 99%

Radicalisation theories, policing practices, and “the future of terrorism?”

Monaghan

Molnár

2016

Critical Studies on Terrorism

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This article explores how theories of radicalisation have placed an emphasis on the development of an indicators-based approach to identify individuals who might engage in politically motivated violence. We trace how policing agencies have juxtaposed the search for indicators as a defence against criticisms of racial profiling. However, through an analysis of Canadian counter-terrorism training programmes, we demonstrate that the search for radicalisation indicators reaffirms pre-emptive and discriminatory security practices. We insist that despite efforts to theorise radicalisation outside of the practices of the "war on terror", current trends risk rationalising prejudicial policing that affirms social exclusion and injustice. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Citizenship, Belonging and Attachment in the ‘War on Terror’

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Facing Fear and Responding with Courage: Understanding How Fear Constitutes the “Emotional Citizenship” of Voluntary Returnees to Bosnia and Herzegovina

Facing Fear and Responding with Courage: Understanding How Fear Constitutes the “Emotional Citizenship” of Voluntary Returnees to Bosnia and Herzegovina

British Muslims perceptions of social cohesion: from multiculturalism to community cohesion and the ‘war on terror’

Radicalisation theories, policing practices, and “the future of terrorism?”

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