Citizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia

Berenschot, Ward; Nordholt, H.G.C. Schulte; Bakker, Laurens

doi:10.1163/9789004329669

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(107 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The issue that I explore is the position of ormas in the relationship between the individual and the political community. This relationship, as argued in the introduction (Berenschot et al 2017), is the central pillar of citizenship. It is shaped by 'particular conceptions and practices of rights, reciprocity and rep-resentation…' that '…are related to [postcolonial countries'] political economy and a particular history of state formation' (see also this volume's Introduction).…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Militias, Security and Citizenship in Indonesia

Bakker¹

2017

Citizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The first of June is Indonesia's annual Pancasila Day. It is celebrated in commemoration of Soekarno's presentation on 1 June 1954 of Pancasila, the philosophical foundation of the unity of the Indonesian state, embodying ideals of its society and citizenry.1 The day, generally, has dignitaries delivering speeches on the state of Indonesia and the nature of Pancasila. Speaking at a meeting at the People's Constitutive Assembly (mpr) on Pancasila Day 2012, Vice-President Boediono reminded his audience that, for the continued existence of Indonesia as a nation, creating unity in diversity and finding ways to live together harmoniously were crucial. Ethnic and religious differences should not stand in the way of Indonesian unity as exemplified, Boediono suggested, by the friendship of Soekarno -a Muslim -with Catholic priests during his exile in Flores in 1938. Religious fanaticism, Boediono warned, is a threat to the nation and to the peace of religious minorities (Aritonang, 1 and 2 June 2012).Pancasila's emphasis on unity is Indonesia's ultimate ideological source of authority and, as such, is supposed to guide and pervade all legislation. In the preamble of the constitution, the elements of Pancasila are given as (1) belief in the one and only God, (2) a just and civilized humanity, (3) the unity of Indonesia, (4) democratic rule that is guided by the power of wisdom resulting from deliberation and representation and (5) social justice for all the people of Indonesia.2 These elements, clearly, have strong links to more well-known aspects of citizenship (such as protection by the state, a say in government and the sustaining relationship of community), but Pancasila is nevertheless hit by 1 This chapter is based on research conducted as part of the research project State of Anxiety: A Comparative Ethnography of Security Groups in Indonesia which was supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (grant number 463-08-003). Fieldwork and interviews were carried out between 2007 and 2013. Groups involved were Brigade Manguni, Komando Pertahanan Adat Dayak Kalimantan (kpadk, Dayak Customary Defence Command), Gerakan Pemuda Asli Kalimantan (gepak), Movement of Indigenous Youth of Kalimantan), Pemuda Pancasila, (Pancasila Youth) Garda Pemuda Nasional Demokrat (gp Nas-Dem, National Democrats Youth Guard) and, to a lesser extent, Front Pembela Islam (Islamic Defenders Front) and Front Betawi Rempug (Betawi Brotherhood Front). 2 Based on a certified English translation available at the website of the Asian Human Rights Commission at

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Militias, Security and Citizenship in Indonesia

Bakker¹

2017

Citizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is not a deviated form of citizenship. Instead, it is an integral, constitutive dimension of citizenship that shapes the capacity of citizens to realize their rights (Berenschot and Berenschot, Schulte Nordholt, and Bakker 2016).…”

Section: Informal Dimensions Of Citizenshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polite Citizenship

Pribadi

2022

Bijdr. taal-, land- volkenkd.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article discusses the ways in which citizens have enhanced agency through informal and polite claims-making. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in a village in West Java, this article argues that citizens tend to pressure the authorities in polite, personal, and highly informal ways to deal with state institutions and gain access to public services. Such forms of informal and polite citizenship signify a reasonably effective communal culture of consensus-formation that defines the predominantly complex character of state institutions in Indonesia. Consequently, citizens have become more capable in claiming their rights and positioning themselves vis-à-vis the authorities. These everyday practices have affected the balance of power between village authorities, informal community leaders, and citizens. By taking examples from rural West Java, this article unveils the everyday informality and the politics of politeness that may also take place in other rural areas of Indonesia and possibly the larger non-Western world.

show abstract

“…Scholarship on Southeast Asia has begun to mobilise the notion of citizenship to investigate political change from the viewpoint of the relationship between the individual and larger political community (Berenschot et al, 2016). Understood in this sense, citizenship is a fruitful notion for analysing Kem Ley’s attempt to remodel Cambodian democracy.…”

Section: Kem Ley’s Model Of Citizenshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kem Ley and Cambodian Citizenship Today: Grass-Roots Mobilisation, Electoral Politics and Individuals

Norén-Nilsson¹

2019

Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Starting with a bang in 2013 and ending silently in 2017, Cambodia experienced a brief democratic momentum that saw people taking to the streets to demand political change. Kem Ley -a political analyst and grass-roots organiser -provided a rallying point that ordinary Cambodians gathered around particularly after his 2016 murder, yet his political legacy remains meagre. The Grassroots Democratic Party that Kem Ley was involved in setting up commands next to no popular allegiance and performed poorly both in local elections in 2017 and national elections 2018. This article seeks to explore an elusive aspect of Cambodia's democratic momentum: civil society activists moving to engage in electoral politics. It is argued that Cambodian activists have sought to reshape party politics according to civil society logics, but that this has been an ambiguous enterprise with little appeal to a sharply divided electorate.From erupting triumphantly in 2013 to dying with a whimper in 2017, the greatest push for democracy since the 1993 reintroduction of multi-party politics rocked Cambodia. In connection with the 2013 national elections, many ordinary Cambodians took passionate Centre for East and South-East Asian Studies, Lund University, Sweden

show abstract

Citizenship and Democratization in Southeast Asia

Cited by 20 publications

References 85 publications

Militias, Security and Citizenship in Indonesia

Militias, Security and Citizenship in Indonesia

Polite Citizenship

Kem Ley and Cambodian Citizenship Today: Grass-Roots Mobilisation, Electoral Politics and Individuals

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About