“…((Oweniidae + Magelonidae) + (Chaetopteridae + other annelid families)) agrees with the result in Struck et al (2023), while the BI analyses did not favor these relationships (Struck et al, 2023). Our Chaetopteridae clade was well supported, in agreement with the previous results based on universal biomarker genes (cox1, 18S, 28S) (Martin et al, 2008;Osborn et al, 2007;Morineaux et al, 2010;Weigert et al, 2014;Andrade et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2015;Britayev et al, 2017;Moore et al, 2017;Martin et al, 2022;Yang et al, 2022), while differing from morphological studies based on larvae and adults, which classified Chaetopteridae as a family within Sabellida (Rouse and Fauchald, 1997;Brown et al, 1999 1999). (Apistobranchidae + (Psammodrilidae + Chaetopteridae)) formed the clade of Chaetopteriformia based on phylogenetic analysis using transcriptomes (Helm et al, 2018), however, only Chaetopteridae was included in the later report on mtgenome evolution in Annelida (Struck et al, 2023).…”