“…The discussion on smart cities and regions is expanding rapidly, and more and more practitioners and researchers are involved in the debate McPhee et al, 2015;Tukiainen et al, 2015). We hope that this special issue will further the debate on this topic, and we propose that future research should emphasize the intersection of smart cities and living labs, because these bodies of literature discuss some of the same thematic areas, particularly through living labs facilitated in a city context for the improvement of the daily lives of citizens (e.g., Leminen et al, 2012).…”