Cities and climate change mitigation: Economic opportunities and governance challenges in Asia

Gouldson, Andy; Colenbrander, Sarah; Sudmant, Andrew; Papargyropoulou, Effie; Kerr, Niall; McAnulla, Faye; Hall, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.cities.2015.10.010

Cited by 115 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…•Accountability is structured upwards rather than downwards, so that donor interests outweigh recipient needs (Barrett, 2012;Barrett, 2014). •Multi-level governance arrangements constrain scope for action by local governments (Gouldson et al, 2015;Kithiia, 2011), with local organisations viewed as competitors for limited funds rather than delivery partners (van Kerkhoff et al, 2011).…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Central governments may also be unwilling or unable to support projects led by local governments or local civil society groups. Few low-and lower middle-income countries have the enabling multi-level governance arrangements in place that could equip local authorities to act effectively on climate change (Gouldson et al, 2015;Kithiia, 2011). City governments not only face the challenge of poor coordination among agencies; sometimes, national governments can actually view sub-national governments as competitors, either for limited funds (van Kerkhoff et al, 2011) or for political power (Resnick, 2011).…”

Section: Capacity Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using climate finance to advance climate justice: the politics and practice of channelling resources to the local level

2017

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Adaptation finance is primarily allocated to multilateral entities and national governments, rather than local organisations. This means that some of the same social, political and economic processes that create and sustain inequalities within a country will be the same processes that determine how adaptation finance is used. Using an urban lens, we consider the obstacles currently faced by local governments and local civil society groups in accessing adaptation finance, and show that these are a function of systemic power imbalances between levels of government, and between government and vulnerable communities. We argue that even relatively small amounts of adaptation finance could have a catalytic effect on the capacities and impacts of local organisations, contributing to greater levels of both distributive and procedural justice. We analyse different financial intermediaries and planning systems that could be used to make disbursements from multilateral climate funds fairer and more effective. This could potentially create political opportunities both to respond to direct climate threats and to address underlying drivers of vulnerability, such as marginalisation and exclusion. In this way, channelling adaptation finance to the local level could deliver more just processes and outcomes. Policy insights1. More multilateral climate funds should establish direct access modalities, and introduce "fit-for-purpose" accreditation procedures and approval processes. Those that have already established such enabling frameworks should prioritise providing readiness support to local organisations, and incentivise state and citizen collaboration in adaptation projects. 2. National governments should consider clearly enshrining the rights and responsibilities of local authorities in National Adaptation Plans, and help them to collect the information, build the capacities and acquire the resources needed to plan and implement adaptation measures. National governments should further encourage local authorities to adopt participatory planning, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation procedures to encourage citizen participation. 3. Local civil society groups should identify or establish collective entities that can seek accreditation with multilateral funds and then disburse money to their members. Collaboration between groups can facilitate up-scaling through replication (particularly where peer-to-peer learning is embedded in the network) and reduce the transaction costs associated with myriad small projects.

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Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Capacity Deficitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using climate finance to advance climate justice: the politics and practice of channelling resources to the local level

2017

Self Cite

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“…Cities are responsible for three quarters of global energy consumption and subsequent greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Gouldson et al, 2016). As of the 2011 census, 82% of the population in England and Wales lived in urban areas (ONS, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting and modelling urban energy retrofits using a city-scale energy mapping approach

Gupta

Gregg

2018

Journal of Cleaner Production

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“…Rapid urbanization requires high energy consumption for high production in the industry as well as people's daily life [2]. By 2030, the carbon emission will be 8 tonnes per capita in China due to carbon using pattern in the industry and urban life [3]. China's per capita energy consumption is more than global average but China can reduce its energy consumption by adopting low carbon technology and strategic pattern of energy consumption which helps to reduce 20% GHG emission by 2030 [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low Carbon City Development in China in the Context of New Type of Urbanization

Sarker¹,

Hossin²,

Yin³

et al. 2018

LCE

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Urbanization is an important part of economic development in China which directly related to industrial development. Industrial development is based on energy production, consumption, and trade. A new type of urbanization with low carbon city development is an urgent matter in the researcher community for developing an appropriate strategy, policy, technology, and action. The aim of this study is to explore the status and assess the strategy and policy of low carbon city development in the context of urbanization. It also finds out the effects of new type of urbanization on low carbon city development by finding out constraints and providing recommendations. An extensive literature review with meta-analysis has been done considering various indicators of low carbon city development. This study reveals that most of the large cities are already under the pilot projects of low carbon city development. It also finds out some major indicators of low carbon city like economic growth, energy using pattern, social and lifestyle factor, carbon and environment, urban mobilization, solid waste management, and water management in the context of urbanization. Rapid urbanization requires more building construction and energy which emits more GHG. It suggests that an assessment index system should be introduced by the government to control, monitor and motivate people to use low carbon technology. It further suggests that rules and regulations, awareness building, locality-based technology and practices, and participation of all stakeholders in policy making should be maintained by the government for sustainable low carbon city development in China.

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Cities and climate change mitigation: Economic opportunities and governance challenges in Asia

Cited by 115 publications

References 30 publications

Using climate finance to advance climate justice: the politics and practice of channelling resources to the local level

Using climate finance to advance climate justice: the politics and practice of channelling resources to the local level

Targeting and modelling urban energy retrofits using a city-scale energy mapping approach

Low Carbon City Development in China in the Context of New Type of Urbanization

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