Cisternal S100 protein and neuron-specific enolase are elevated and site-specific markers in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy

Steinhoff, Bernhard J.; Tumani, Hayrettin; Otto, Markus; Mursch, Kay; Wiltfang, Jens; Herrendorf, Gregor; Bittermann, Hans-Joachim; Felgenhauer, K.; Paulus, Walter J.; Markakis, E.

doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00026-1

Cited by 65 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…To assess the safety of tRNS, we measured serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a sensitive marker of neuronal damage, evident in many neurological disorders, e.g., in epilepsy (Steinhoff et al, 1999). Elevated NSE concentration is a specific marker in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.…”

Section: Neuron-specific Enolase Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Human Brain Excitability by Transcranial High-Frequency Random Noise Stimulation

Terney¹,

Chaieb²,

Moliadze³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

578

623

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For Ͼ20 years, noninvasive transcranial stimulation techniques like repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been used to induce neuroplastic-like effects in the human cortex, leading to the activity-dependent modification of synaptic transmission. Here, we introduce a novel method of electrical stimulation: transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS), whereby a random electrical oscillation spectrum is applied over the motor cortex. tRNS induces consistent excitability increases lasting 60 min after stimulation. These effects have been observed in 80 subjects through both physiological measures and behavioral tasks. Higher frequencies (100 -640 Hz) appear to be responsible for generating this excitability increase, an effect that may be attributed to the repeated opening of Na ϩ channels. In terms of efficacy tRNS appears to possess at least the same therapeutic potential as rTMS/tDCS in diseases such as depression, while furthermore avoiding the constraint of current flow direction sensitivity characteristic of tDCS.

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Section: Neuron-specific Enolase Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Human Brain Excitability by Transcranial High-Frequency Random Noise Stimulation

Terney¹,

Chaieb²,

Moliadze³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

578

623

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Cell loss as well as an increase in Tunel labeling, BAX, and caspase 3 have been found in drug-refractory epileptic brains, suggesting the involvement of programmed cell death (14,15). In addition, serum-specific enolase (γ-enolase), a marker of neuronal damage, is also elevated in serum and cerebrospinal fluid after seizures in epileptic patients (16,17). Expression of the polysialylated form of neural-cell adhesion molecules (PSA-NCAM), a marker associated with axonal growth, suggests that axonal sprouting is increased in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal CA1 region in temporal epilepsy (18).…”

Section: Epileptogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Frontier in Epilepsy: Novel Antiepileptogenic Drugs

Sasa

2006

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. Epilepsy is a hetergenous syndrome characterized by recurrently and repeatedly occurring seizures. Although able to inhibit the epileptic seizures, the currently available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have no effects on epileptogenesis. Such AEDs should be classified as drugs against ictogenesis, which are transient events in ion and / or receptor-gated channels related with triggering to evoke seizures. Epileptogenesis involves long-term and histological / biochemical/ physiological alterations formed in brain structures over a long period, ranging from months to years. This review focuses on the effects of AEDs on epileptogenesis and novel candidates of antiepileptogenic drugs using a genetically defined epilepsy model animal, the spontaneous epileptic rat (SER).

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“…S100␤ possesses many of the desirable characteristics of a biochemical marker: low molecular size, high organ specificity, and a high degree of solubility. [11][12][13][14][15] Thrombomodulin is an endothelial cell membrane-bound glycoprotein that binds thrombin, producing an anticoagulant effect. Serum soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) is a potential marker of endothelial injury.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Serial Biochemical Markers With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Jauch

Lindsell

Broderick

et al. 2006

Stroke

209

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Background and Purpose-Biochemical markers of acute neuronal injury may aid in the diagnosis and management of acute ischemic stroke. Serum samples from the National Institute for Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator Stroke Study were analyzed for the presence of 4 biochemical markers of neuronal, glial, and endothelial cell injury. These biochemical markers, myelin basic protein (MBP), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S100␤, and soluble thrombomodulin, were studied for an association with initial stroke severity, infarct volume, and functional outcome. Methods-In the original NINDS study, serum samples were drawn from all patients on presentation to the Emergency Department and at Ϸ2 and 24 hours after initiation of study therapy. In this analysis, stored serum samples were available for 359 patients; 107 patients had samples for all 3 time points. Serum marker concentrations were measured by ELISA techniques. We examined the relation between serum concentrations of each marker and the degree of baseline neurological deficit, functional outcome, and infarct size on computed tomography at 24 hours and the effect of fibrinolytic therapy. Results-Higher 24-hour peak concentrations of MBP, NSE, and S100␤ were associated with higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale baseline scores (rϭ0. 186, PϽ0.0001; rϭ0.117, Pϭ0.032; and rϭ0.263, PϽ0.0001, respectively). Higher peak concentrations of MBP and S100␤ (rϭ0.209, PϽ0.0001; rϭ0.239, PϽ0.0001) were associated with larger computed tomography lesion volumes. Patients with favorable outcomes had smaller changes in MBP and S100␤ (PϽ0.05) concentrations in the first 24 hours. Soluble thrombomodulin was not associated with any severity or outcome measure. Conclusions-This study corroborates previous work demonstrating correlations of MBP, NSE, and S100␤ with clinical and radiographic features in acute stroke. Despite significantly better outcomes in the tissue plasminogen activatortreated group, we found no difference in the early release of the 4 biomarkers between treatment groups. Further study will define the role of biomarkers in acute stroke management and prognostication. (Stroke. 2006;37:2508-2513.)

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Cisternal S100 protein and neuron-specific enolase are elevated and site-specific markers in intractable temporal lobe epilepsy

Cited by 65 publications

References 21 publications

Increasing Human Brain Excitability by Transcranial High-Frequency Random Noise Stimulation

Increasing Human Brain Excitability by Transcranial High-Frequency Random Noise Stimulation

A New Frontier in Epilepsy: Novel Antiepileptogenic Drugs

Association of Serial Biochemical Markers With Acute Ischemic Stroke

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