“…The major advances relate to improved chemotherapy, the current standard being cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin. [1][2][3] With this treatment, most patients are cured. [3][4][5] Given the excellent prognosis and long-term survivorship, it is essential to understand the long-term effects of treatment.…”
A B S T R A C T PurposeThis study compares late effects of treatment on physical well-being and utilization of health care resources between ovarian germ cell tumor (OGCT) survivors and age/race/educationmatched controls.
Patients and MethodsEligible patients had OGCT treated with surgery and chemotherapy and were disease-free for at least 2 years at time of enrollment. The matched control group was selected from acquaintances recommended by survivors. Symptoms and function were measured using previously validated scales. Health care utilization was assessed by questions regarding health insurance coverage and health services utilization.
ResultsOne hundred thirty-two survivors and 137 controls completed the study. Survivors were significantly more likely to report a diagnosis of hypertension (17% v 8%, P ϭ .02), and marginally hypercholesterolemia (9.8% v 4.4%, P ϭ .09), and hearing loss (5.3% v 1.5%, P ϭ .09) compared with controls. There were no significant differences in the rates of self-reported arthritis, heart, pulmonary or kidney disease, diabetes, non-OGCT malignancies, anxiety, hearing loss, or eating disorders between groups. Among chronic functional problems, numbness, tinnitus, nausea elicited by reminders of chemotherapy (v general nausea triggers for controls), and Raynaud's symptoms were reported more frequently by survivors. Patients who received vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide in addition to cisplatin therapy had increased functional complaints, particularly numbness and nausea. Health care utilization was similar, but 15.9% of survivors reported being denied health insurance versus 4.4% of controls (P Ͻ .001).
ConclusionAlthough a few sequelae of treatment persist, in general, OGCT survivors enjoy a healthy life comparable to that of controls.
“…The major advances relate to improved chemotherapy, the current standard being cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin. [1][2][3] With this treatment, most patients are cured. [3][4][5] Given the excellent prognosis and long-term survivorship, it is essential to understand the long-term effects of treatment.…”
A B S T R A C T PurposeThis study compares late effects of treatment on physical well-being and utilization of health care resources between ovarian germ cell tumor (OGCT) survivors and age/race/educationmatched controls.
Patients and MethodsEligible patients had OGCT treated with surgery and chemotherapy and were disease-free for at least 2 years at time of enrollment. The matched control group was selected from acquaintances recommended by survivors. Symptoms and function were measured using previously validated scales. Health care utilization was assessed by questions regarding health insurance coverage and health services utilization.
ResultsOne hundred thirty-two survivors and 137 controls completed the study. Survivors were significantly more likely to report a diagnosis of hypertension (17% v 8%, P ϭ .02), and marginally hypercholesterolemia (9.8% v 4.4%, P ϭ .09), and hearing loss (5.3% v 1.5%, P ϭ .09) compared with controls. There were no significant differences in the rates of self-reported arthritis, heart, pulmonary or kidney disease, diabetes, non-OGCT malignancies, anxiety, hearing loss, or eating disorders between groups. Among chronic functional problems, numbness, tinnitus, nausea elicited by reminders of chemotherapy (v general nausea triggers for controls), and Raynaud's symptoms were reported more frequently by survivors. Patients who received vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide in addition to cisplatin therapy had increased functional complaints, particularly numbness and nausea. Health care utilization was similar, but 15.9% of survivors reported being denied health insurance versus 4.4% of controls (P Ͻ .001).
ConclusionAlthough a few sequelae of treatment persist, in general, OGCT survivors enjoy a healthy life comparable to that of controls.
“…In contrast, 9 of 11 (82%) with residual nodules exceeding 3 cm in diameter recurred over the same time period [49]. In another study, patients with clinically non-measurable disease had a higher likelihood of remaining progression free at 2 years (65% vs. 34%) [50]. Second-look surgery may be considered to assess residual disease, although the role of aggressive surgery in this context remains unclear; no benefit was found in patients without a teratoma component, <5 cm of radiological residual disease after chemotherapy and normalization of tumor markers [51,52].…”
Section: Treatmentmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Salvage regimens described include TIP (cisplatin, ifosfamide, paclitaxel), VAC, PVB, VIP (vindesine, ifosfamide, cisplatin), VeIP (vinblastine, ifosfamide, cisplatin) and other platinum-based regimens more commonly used in epithelial ovarian cancer (e.g. carboplatin plus paclitaxel) [50]. High-dose chemotherapy in association with autologous stem cell transplantation may be an option in fit patients, although these regimens are associated with important acute and late toxicities [73].…”
Background Ovarian germ cell tumors (OGCT) account for 2-5% of ovarian malignancies, with an annual incidence of 0.5-1:100,000, typically occurring in young women. Yolk sac tumor (YST) is the second most common type of OGCT and has an aggressive phenotype. The rarity of this pathology in postmenopausal women poses challenges in the diagnosis and treatment. Patients and Methods We report two clinical cases of YST in postmenopausal women treated at the Royal Marsden and discuss diagnosis and treatment issues of OGCTs in older women. A literature review was also performed, which identified thirty-nine cases, including the two reported in this article.
Results and ConclusionThis showed that YSTs in older women are rare and are generally aggressive with poor clinical outcomes. Twelve of the described patients with malignant OGCTs died within 8 months of diagnosis.In conclusion, YST in postmenopausal women can have an aggressive disease course compared with younger patients. More evidence for the tolerability and outcomes of cytoreductive surgical approaches and intensive chemotherapy regimens in older patients is required.
“…A second look laparotomy is usually not helpful except in the instances of a sub-total resection, evidence of residual tumor via radiography, or teratomatous elements in the primary tumor [2,8,11]. Stage III disease, the patient should undergo surgery (abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy is recommended, or unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy if preservation of fertility is desired) [5,11] According to some authors, if the tumor is very large then three to four courses of chemotherapy may be required prior to debulking surgery [2,[6][7][8]12]. Again second look surgery does not appear to be beneficial except in the same cases as stage II [2,8,12].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Observation for stage I is also reasonable. For stage II disease, the patient should undergo surgery (unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) [5] followed by chemotherapy with BEP (cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin) and VAC (vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide ) as salvage therapy [2,[6][7][8][9][10]. A second look laparotomy is usually not helpful except in the instances of a sub-total resection, evidence of residual tumor via radiography, or teratomatous elements in the primary tumor [2,8,11].…”
Confusion surrounding the treatment of cancer in the pediatric population can be very daunting especially if one is not a pediatric oncologist. Herein is described a pediatric case of mixed cell ovarian germ cell tumor that was complicated by Wernicke's encephalopathy which improved with standard treatment. This case report highlights the basic treatment plan of mixed cell ovarian germ cell tumor for the general pediatrician as sometimes the general pediatrician can be caught in the midst of a battle between specialists.
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