“…An alternative approach in managing pathologic stage II disease is 2 courses of adjuvant chemotherapy. While this approach reduces recurrence rates to less than 2%, (Behnia, Foster, Einhorn, Donohue, & Nichols, 2000;Culine et al, 1996;Gerl, Clemm, Kohl, & al., 1994;Kennedy, Torkelson, & Fraley, 1994;Kondagunta et al, 2004;Vugrin, Whitmore, Herr, Sogani, & Golbey, 1982;Weissbach & Hartlapp, 1991;Williams et al, 1987) it subjects all patients to chemotherapy, including the 70% who were cured by surgery alone. (Donohue, Thornhill, Foster, Rowland, & Bihrle, 1993a, 1995aRichie & Kantoff, 1991) Similar to risk stratification in CS I disease, efforts have been made to identify risk factors predictive of relapse for pathologic stage II disease after RPLND.…”