Cisnormative and Transnormative Misgendering

Nordmarken, Sonny

doi:10.4324/9781315613703-9

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The innate-essence identity model is the basis of the dominant, cisnormative gender frame (Ridgeway 2011) that most social actors employ when “doing” and attributing gender, in social interactions (West and Zimmerman 1987). Assuming that gender is equal to biological sex leads social actors to attend to others’ bodily appearance when determining gender, holding them accountable to gendered expectations and leading to misgendering and other discursive aggressions (Nordmarken 2022; shuster 2017; Westbrook and Schilt 2014). In contrast, gender-minority communities use alternative practices to “do gender” in interaction—verbally communicating gender pronouns and identity labels—mobilizing the expansive gender-identity discourse and honoring self-determined identities (Nordmarken 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coming Into Identity: How Gender Minorities Experience Identity Formation

Nordmarken

2023

Gender & Society

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Previous studies have found that trans people claim to have consistent gender identities over their lifetimes. As a result, scholars know little about processes through which individuals come to identify differently from their gender assignment. In this article, I analyze how gender minorities in the United States come to identify with new labels, theorizing gender-identity formation as a social process. Despite pressure to present oneself as “trans enough” and despite many individuals’ claims to “always have been” the ways they are, most research participants’ stories illustrate a process of gender-identity change—what I term coming into identity. Coming into identity is the process whereby individuals come to understand themselves in new ways despite living in epistemological systems and constructed realities where such ways of understanding oneself are not widely acknowledged. I find that participants’ coming-into-identity experiences involved self-reflection in relation to (1) exposure to new gender conceptualizations and models, (2) gender experimentation, (3) difficult experiences, and/or (4) conversations with others. This research contributes to our understanding of gender-minority identity formation and the relationships among discourse, narrative, story, social interaction, identity, and agency. I argue that in accounting for coming into their identities, individuals exercise agency, mobilizing and building new narratives and discourses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coming Into Identity: How Gender Minorities Experience Identity Formation

Nordmarken

2023

Gender & Society

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“…Research emphasizes how relentless this gender accountability is for nonbinary people. Even in transgender spaces, nonbinary people are held accountable to binary gender expectations (Nordmarken 2022).…”

Section: Gender Accountability and The Gender Binarymentioning

confidence: 99%

What Happens when Gender Accountability is Reduced? The Experiences of Nonbinary and Genderfluid People During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Stone,

Gallin-Parisi

2024

Gender & Society

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How does gender accountability vary? We theorize that reduced perceptions by others of one’s gender, or reduced external assessments of gender accountability, create more space for the cultivation of nonbinary subjectivities. We use the shelter-in-place period of the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural experiment during which major social institutions such as work and school changed and thus shifted gender accountability. Through interviews with a racially diverse sample of 22 U.S. adults who came out as nonbinary or genderfluid during this time period, we examine their experiences and understandings of this change in gender accountability. Participants described relief from relentless gender assessments as well as space for self-reflection and gender experimentation. Less stringent external assessments at work and school, especially the reduction of constant in-person evaluations of gender expression, produced new gender subjectivities that resisted binary understandings of gender. This study explores the nuance, variability, and situational character of gender accountability. We argue that in-person full-body gender assessments are a powerful component of gender accountability and that relief from gender accountability at work and school may be particularly liberating.

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Analyzing and Managing Microaggressions in the Workplace in the Context of the United States

Johnson

2023

Reconstructing Perceptions of Systemically Marginalized Groups

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Microaggressions are brief, intended or unintended, commonplace verbal, behavioral, or environmental indignities that communicate derogatory, hostile, or negative insults and slights toward people who do not classify within the 'normative' standard. Those who microaggress are often unaware that they engage in such communications when they interact with people who differ from themselves. In the workforce, these interchanges are exacerbated, as issues regarding implicit biases tend to play themselves out in communal settings. In response to this, the discussion of microaggressions in its numerous forms, coupled with its manifestations in the workplace, adds to the growing knowledge base on aversive behavior and its short- and long-term impacts. The authors begin by investigating the residual effects of everyday “isms” on the work productivity and quality of life of those on the receiving end. They conclude with suggestions for institutional-level education, training, and research—specific to organizational settings—in the effort to reduce microaggressions in the professional environment.

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Cisnormative and Transnormative Misgendering

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Coming Into Identity: How Gender Minorities Experience Identity Formation

Coming Into Identity: How Gender Minorities Experience Identity Formation

What Happens when Gender Accountability is Reduced? The Experiences of Nonbinary and Genderfluid People During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Analyzing and Managing Microaggressions in the Workplace in the Context of the United States

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