Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: Isn’t stress evaluation always required for the diagnosis?

Abstract

Author contributions: All authors had made substantial con tributions to the study; Barbosa M, Guardado J, Marinho C, Quelhas I and Cotter J participated in the study concept and design; Barbosa M, Guardado J, Rosa B and Quelhas I were involved in acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data; Barbosa M, Guardado J and Rosa B performed statistical analysis; Barbosa M and Guardado J drafted the manuscript; Marinho C, Quelhas I, Lourenço A and Cotter J reviewed the manuscript; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave, Guimarães, Portugal.Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from every patient included in the study. Abstract AIM: To describe the proportion of patients with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) evaluated by stress echocardiography and investigating its association with the severity of liver disease. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Cirrhotic patients without risk factors for cardiovascular disease were included. Data regarding etiology and severity of liver disease (Child-Pugh score and model for end-stage liver disease), presence of ascites and gastroesophageal varices, pro-brain natriuretic peptide (pro-BNP) and corrected QT (QTc) interval were collected. Dobutamine stress echocardiography (conventional and tissue Doppler imaging) was performed. CCM was considered present when diastolic and/or systolic dysfunction was diagnosed at rest or after pharmacological stress. Therapy interfering with cardiovascular system was suspended 24 h before the examination. RESULTS:Twenty-six patients were analyzed, 17 (65.4%) Child-Pugh A, mean model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score of 8.7. The global proportion of patients with CCM was 61.5%. At rest, only 2 (7.7%) patients had diastolic dysfunction and none of the patients had systolic dysfunction. Dobutamine stress echocardiography revealed the presence of diastolic dysfunction in more 6 (23.1%) patients and of systolic Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy: Isn't stress evaluation always required for the diagnosis? Observational StudyORIGINAL ARTICLE dysfunction in 10 (38.5%) patients. QTc interval prolongation was observed in 68.8% of the patients and increased pro-BNP levels in 31.2% of them. There was no association between the presence of CCM and liver impairment assessed by Child-Pugh score or MELD (P = 0.775, P = 0.532, respectively). Patients with QTc interval prolongation had a significant higher rate of gastroesophageal varices comparing with those without QTc interval prolongation (95.0% vs 50.0%, P = 0.028). CONCLUSION:CCM is a frequent complication of cirrhosis that is independent of liver impairment. Stress evaluation should always be performed, otherwise it will remain an underdiagnosed condition. Core tip: Our study demonstrates that cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) is a frequent condition that is independent of the severity of liver disease. Furthermore, it shows that CCM ...

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