Circumsporozoite protein of <i>Plasmodium gallinaceum</i> characterized by monoclonal antibodies

Krettli, Antoniana U.; Rocha, Eliana Maria Maurício da; Lopes, José Daniel; Carneiro, Célia Regina Whitaker; Kamboj, Kamal; Cochrane, Alan H.; Nussenzweig, Ruth S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1988.tb00240.x

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…sporozoites (10). A nonrelated peptide (NANPNVDPNANP) corresponding to the repeat of the CS of P. falciparum was used as a control in the competition experiments at a concentration of 100 ,ug/ml.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CS protein of P. gallinaceum, like the CS protein of other malaria parasites, includes an immunodominant repetitive epitope recognized by anti-sporozoite mAbs (10). All the anti-sporozoite mAbs recognize a protein on the sporozoite surface and recognize a repetitive epitope as determined by a two-site one-antibody assay (10). Using the anti-CS mAb (N5G3H6), recombinant phage from a P. gallinaceum sporozoite-specific cDNA library were isolated that express this epitope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mAb N5G3H6 reacted with sporozoites in a two-site assay (10). Therefore, it should bind to the central repeat region expressed by the cloned gene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of circumsporozoite proteins from avian and mammalian malarias: biological and phylogenetic implications.

McCutchan

Kissinger

Touray

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

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The circumsporozoite (CS) protein of malaria parasites (Plasmodium) covers the surface of sporozoites that invade hepatocytes in mammalian hosts and macrophages in avian hosts. CS genes have been characterized from many Plasmodium that infect mammals; two domains of the corresponding proteins, identified initially by their conservation (region I and region II), have been implicated in binding to hepatocytes. The CS gene from the avian parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum was characterized to compare these functional domains to those of mammalian Plasmodium and for the study ofPlasmodium evolution. The P. gallinaceum protein has the characteristics of CS proteins, including a secretory signal sequence, central repeat region, regions of charged amino acids, and an anchor sequence. Comparison with CS signal sequences reveals four distinct groupings, with P. gaUinaceum most closely related to the human malaria Plasmodium fakciparum. The 5-amino acid sequence designated region I, which is identical in all mammalian CS and implicated in hepatocyte invasion, is different in the avian protein. The P. gaUlinaceum repeat region consists of 9-amino acid repeats with the consensus sequence QP(A/V)GGNGG(A/V). The conserved motif designated region 1I-plus, which is associated with targeting the invasion of liver cells, is also conserved in the avian protein. Phylogenetic analysis of the aligned Plasmodium CS sequences yields a tree with a topology similar to the one obtained using sequence data from the small subunit rRNA gene. The phylogeny using the CS gene supports the proposal that the human malaria P.falciparum is significantly more related to avian parasites than to other parasites infecting mammals, although the biology of sporozoite invasion is different between the avian and mammalian species.Comparisons of homologous proteins from distantly related Plasmodium species have suggested domains retained for function. Two examples are conserved regions of the circumsporozoite (CS) protein of sporozoites (1) and the conserved regions of a family of erythrocyte binding proteins on merozoites (2). Sporozoites are the infective form of malaria parasites that are inoculated by mosquitoes into the vertebrate host. The merozoite is the parasite stage that invades erythrocytes. A comparison of CS protein sequences from Plasmodium falciparum and the distantly related parasites, Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium vivax, identified domains (regions I and II) that were shown to be conserved (1) and there is evidence suggesting that these domains function in sporozoite binding to hepatocytes (3,4). A similar approach identified domains on a family of merozoite proteins that were demonstrated to bind erythrocytes (5, 6).Although the processes whereby the sporozoite develops and infects the invertebrate and vertebrate hosts are similar among Plasmodium species, there are a few fundamental differences (7). For example, sporozoites of avian malaria parasites develop predominantly in culicine mosquitoes, while the primate malarias use a...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of circumsporozoite proteins from avian and mammalian malarias: biological and phylogenetic implications.

McCutchan

Kissinger

Touray

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

156

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Immunological cross-reactivity is known to exist against the CS-proteins of unrelated species and this may be as a result of structural and functional similarities of the secondary and tertiary structures resulting in common epitopes. 23,[29][30][31] The objectives of this study were, firstly, to evaluate the exposure of wild African penguins to avian malaria during rehabilitation at SANCCOB by measuring anti-Plasmodium antibody levels using an ELISA similar to that of Graczyk et al 23 ; secondly, to determine the influence of these antibody levels on survival during rehabilitation and the effect of oiling on antibody levels and, finally, to show the effect of vector exclusion on the incidence of malaria-related deaths at SANCCOB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation implications of avian malaria exposure for African penguins during rehabilitation

Botes¹,

Thiart²,

Parsons³

et al. 2017

S. Afr. J. Sci.

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The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) is the only penguin species that breeds on the African continent and it is currently classified as endangered. Its conservation is assisted by the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) which is a seabird rehabilitation facility based at the Rietvlei Wetland Reserve in Tableview, Cape Town. Despite the success of SANCCOB in rehabilitating diseased, injured or oiled penguins, significant mortalities have occurred at the facility as a result of avian malaria. Avian malaria can be contracted during rehabilitation during which penguins are inadvertently exposed to additional threats. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the anti-Plasmodium antibody levels of penguins to avian malaria on entry into the SANCCOB facility from 2001 to 2004 and during their rehabilitation process. Using blood smear data, avian malaria prevalence and malaria-related deaths were also monitored from 2002 to 2013. Significant increases in anti-Plasmodium antibody levels after admission were found during summer months. New infection and not parasite recrudescence was concluded to be the cause of this increase. This source was confirmed by a dramatic drop in penguin mortalities upon exclusion of mosquito vectors in 2008. Mortalities did not depend on the birds’ abilities to produce an anti-Plasmodium antibody response and oiling had no influence on immunity or prevalence of avian malaria infections. This study highlights the importance of mosquito vector control to control pathogen exposure in wild bird rehabilitation centres.

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“…A resistant phenotype also can be created by expressing recombinant single-chain (ScFv) antibodies (260) designed from monoclonal antibodies that block pathogen invasion of mosquito tissues. For example, monoclonal antibodies to the P. gallinaceum circumsporozoite protein, which is the most abundant surface protein on sporozoites, block sporozoite invasion of salivary glands (256) and vertebrate host tissue (116,192,203). Studies now are in progress to express anti-circumsporozoite protein recombinant ScFvs in the hemolymph and salivary glands of mosquitoes in an effort to prevent malaria transmission (105).…”

Section: Introduction Of Exogenous Gene Products In Mosquitoes Transfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetics of Mosquito Vector Competence

Beerntsen

James

Christensen

2000

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

326

267

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SUMMARY Mosquito-borne diseases are responsible for significant human morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Efforts to control mosquito-borne diseases have been impeded, in part, by the development of drug-resistant parasites, insecticide-resistant mosquitoes, and environmental concerns over the application of insecticides. Therefore, there is a need to develop novel disease control strategies that can complement or replace existing control methods. One such strategy is to generate pathogen-resistant mosquitoes from those that are susceptible. To this end, efforts have focused on isolating and characterizing genes that influence mosquito vector competence. It has been known for over 70 years that there is a genetic basis for the susceptibility of mosquitoes to parasites, but until the advent of powerful molecular biological tools and protocols, it was difficult to assess the interactions of pathogens with their host tissues within the mosquito at a molecular level. Moreover, it has been only recently that the molecular mechanisms responsible for pathogen destruction, such as melanotic encapsulation and immune peptide production, have been investigated. The molecular characterization of genes that influence vector competence is becoming routine, and with the development of the Sindbis virus transducing system, potential antipathogen genes now can be introduced into the mosquito and their effect on parasite development can be assessed in vivo. With the recent successes in the field of mosquito germ line transformation, it seems likely that the generation of a pathogen-resistant mosquito population from a susceptible population soon will become a reality.

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Circumsporozoite protein of Plasmodium gallinaceum characterized by monoclonal antibodies

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Comparison of circumsporozoite proteins from avian and mammalian malarias: biological and phylogenetic implications.

Comparison of circumsporozoite proteins from avian and mammalian malarias: biological and phylogenetic implications.

Conservation implications of avian malaria exposure for African penguins during rehabilitation

Genetics of Mosquito Vector Competence

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